Disease Genetic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Disease Genetic - Essay Example Genetic diseases are caused by gene mutations, genetic and environmental factors, and chromosomal errors (NG, Zazove, Sobel. Genes are a part of DNA, which carry codes for proteins, responsible for performing vital functions in the body. Any alteration of the gene is called mutation. It distorts the structure of proteins they encode, disrupting their function and causing diseases. Single-gene disorders results from mutation in a single gene. Multiple gene mutations coupled with environmental factors lead to multi-factorial disorders. Another cause of genetic disorders is chromosomal errors. Chromosomes are structures that carry DNA and genes. Errors such as change in the number of chromosomes cause genetic diseases. An excess or lack of chromosomes results in inappropriate numbers of genes which eventually affects bodily functions. Also, at times, parts of chromosomes are missing or transfer between chromosomes, which lead to diseases. Moreover, mutations can occur in the chromosomes of mitochondria; organelles responsible for cellular respiration, and cause problems such as

Interview of Friar Lawrence and Nurse Essay Example for Free

Interview of Friar Lawrence and Nurse Essay Judge: John Henry Lawrence enter the dock. Put your hand on the Bible and say after me, I swear to tell the truth, whole truth and nothing but the truth. I swear to tell the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth. The Jury are now open to ask you questions, you are bound by the book to keep to the truth. Jury: What was you relationship with Romeo? I have been a great friend of Romeo ever since he was a little boy. He has always trusted me and he told me things he would not have told to anyone else. Romeo respected me and took my advice. I blame myself for his death and I am very sorry. Jury: What part did you play in this tragedy? I tried my best to unite two people who were very much in love. Yes, I did perform the marriage ceremony but I did it in good faith, I never knew what atrocities it would bring about. I also tried to help Romeo and Juliet when they were in trouble. After Romeo was exiled I helped arrange his escape to Mantua, for, you understand it might be possible for them to meet there. When I gave Juliet the drug I thought that I was doing the right thing. She was in a mess, she couldnt tell her parents so with my knowledge of herbal remedies I supplied her with the draught. She would have taken her own life there and then if I had not. When Romeo was dead and Juliet would not leave him I deserted her. I could have saved her life I know but I was too cowardly to face up to my actions. Jury: What were your motives in this tragedy? I wanted to help a very good friend to be happy and preserve the marriage. I suppose I also hoped that performing this marriage ceremony would help unite the two sides from their conflict. Jury: Whose fault do you think the deaths are? I blame myself more than anyone else. I played the largest part, however, I suppose it would not have happened if there had not been many smaller things contributing. For example, if there had never been a conflict. Nobody was to know that it would end in death. Jury: What part do you think you were to blame for particularly? I was responsible for setting in motion a series of actions that lead to the marriage, the arrangements for the meetings and the drugs for Juliet. I didnt save Juliet from herself. Judge:John Henry Lawrence please leave the dock. Anne Falton please mount to the dock. Put your hand on the Bible and say after me, I swear to tell the truth, whole truth and nothing but the truth. I swear to tell the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth. The Jury are now open to ask you questions, you are bound by the book to keep to the truth. Jury: What was your relationship with Juliet? Well, I was almost like a second mother to her, I was her wet nurse you know, she born at the same time as my daughter Susan who passed away God rest her soul. I have looked after ever since. Juliet was always a very nice young lady never doing anything naughty. I was her closest friend she used to tell me all her secrets but she didnt tell me her plan before she died. Jury: What part did you play in this tragedy? I knew all the time that Juliet had gone off and married that Romeo, I never knew it would come to this. Romeo was a nice young chap as well. He wasnt as good-looking or as clever as Paris though, not at all, no! The only other matter I was involved in was organising Romeos night with Juliet, that took a lot of organising that did. Jury: What were your motives in this tragedy? All I wanted was to see Juliet happily married with a nice young man. I wouldnt have been persuaded to take part in this conspiracy but Juliet begged and begged me not to tell his Lordship. Jury: Whose fault do you think the deaths are? Not mine and thats for sure, I always said that, that Romeo would lead her up to no good, he looked nice and all that but he had a look about him. I think Romeo lead her into it, he always was the bad sort, coming from a Montague family and all that Jury: What part do you think you were to blame for particularly? It wasnt anything to do with me, if I had gone to his Lordship about the marriage shed have killed herself sure as sure, like the good Friar said she was going to Judge: Anne Falton, leave the dock. The Jury will now leave to come to a decision. 1 hour later: Verdict: Death by Misadventure.

The Laws Effect on Population

The Laws Effect on Population Abstract Society revels in the idea of a free and safe world. Humans are a sinful species that have made precautions in order to protect themselves and others. These laws and regulations have psychological effects on those who abide and live in their presence. Some people go mad. Others are able to live in harmony with these boundaries on freedom. Laws have shown to be troublesome in some cases. One case in particular is World War II. Joseph Stalin was a very powerful leader of communist Russia. He was merciless and took complete advantage over the boundless role he played as leader. Some laws have always been in existence. Scientists known world-wide have expressed these laws to all of society, showing that we are all bound to some sort of lawful agreement. You cannot fight nature. You must be in sync with existence and freedom. For life is only as good as you allow it to be. Keywords: laws, evil, power, society, Lord of the Flies The characteristics of man create killers, lovers, and believers, but what is it that molds us into the figure we grow up to be? Living in a world of complete freedom has dangerous undertones. The fear for life and safety forces man to act sinister. Malignancy is only another part of life. William Golding’s Lord of the Flies characterizes how man has an undercurrent of evil subsided by the laws and rules that control society. Laws, however good they may be, can also cause an uprising in an individual or a population. Order; being a primary concern, can also become over stimulated and lead to a rebellion. In some cases laws can even act as a restriction toward the advancement of justice. In William Goldings Lord of the Flies the introduction of rules sparked the competitiveness of being in power. Quickly, the boys primal urges transcended. They fought for power, leadership, and safety. I ought to be chief, said Jack with simple arrogance, because Im chapter chorister and head boy. I can sing C sharp.(Golding 129) Disregarding what is truly important, escape, their old lives become transparent in their thoughts. Any rules that were set in place were sacrificed. Their evolution into savagery was relentless. This outlook shows that without proper enforcement, the boys did not have enough authority to prevent their descent into darkness. Society is, and always has been evil. The only thing that separates us from the beasts of the wild is our intelligence and our innate ability to adapt. Man must be taught to conform to man’s idea of a good society. From first breath, man’s desire to only fulfill his own needs is greater than that of any other. The thought of satisfying another’s needs or wants are light years away. Only with remedial adjustment can we stretch that light closer. The goodness in one’s heart is shrouded with self-promotion and selfishness. Effort must be made in order for one to become good of heart. The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy is forever increasing in our universe. Entropy is the end and the beginning. No matter what actions take place in the middle, we have started out and will end in a world of evil and disaster. Even before religion came into existence, man had to follow the laws of nature, the laws of physics. Nowhere in time is there a place where rules didnt exist. Never has any being had perfect freedom. The pencil you drop the rotation of the planets around the sun, and the force that keeps you down to earth. Everything is bound by laws. â€Å"Laws are necessary because they keep order, tranquility and justice in the world. If you look at back at many philosophers of the Enlightenment period, you would find that they all believed in the potential purity of action; however they also believed in the potential evil in ones actions.†(Association Awards 3) Sometimes it just takes time to realize our boundaries. Isaac newton was a scientist that discovered many principles that are still used today in modern physics. His mind has created an influence that has stretched past generations and beyond. He spent the majority of his life dedicated to science. If I have done the public any serv ice, it is due to my patient thought. (Principia 1) This quote from Sir Isaac Newton lends the thought that a forbearing life can result in a well-spent life. If something is of importance then it is worth waiting for. Being held back by restrictions may seem bothersome at times, but could prove to have been the influence necessary for a huge breakthrough. Man has made many attempts in correcting and metamorphosing individuals into something acceptable by peers. Laws, rules, and restrictions have molded modern day society into something that goes against human nature. â€Å"The law is a set of rules for society, designed to protect basic rights and freedoms, and to treat everyone fairly.† (Effect on Germans 3) These important contributions to man have held society together as great nations for many generations. However, society may not be psychologically stable due to its obligation for beneficial contradictions. These unhealthy expectations can lead to rebellion, madness, and even a world once again filled with cruelty. Freedom paired with safety and fun is an example of an illogical aspiration. More than anything else, humans need to feel safe from harm. While order is an essential aspect for the well-being of people it is not enough. Longevity is a direct result from order. When there are laws that keep things in line, we ten d to live longer, live safer, and without fear. Some say that the government enforces laws so that they have the power to oversee everything. â€Å"Almost everything we do is governed by some set of rules†. (Britannica 17) Surveillance is a common method of ensuring protection; however, it has not proven to be the most effective form of security. It is easily bypassed by even the simplest of methods. People will develop ways to sidestep boundaries. Government has shown to be a tourniquet on freedom. In the United States, we have laws left and right. We are not always happy about these rules, since they often tell us what we can and cannot do or are keeping us from doing what we want. In order to live civilly one must create a mutualistic relationship with the law. The majority of population is kept under control through means of silent threats. Laws are a constant reminder that if you do not do what is wanted then you will be punished. Whether these laws are for the well-being for the people or if they are for the well-bein g of the government is irrelevant. Their purpose is the same. To control an entire mass of people peacefully is irrational. Gandhi was a man of peace. Revered the world over for his nonviolent philosophy of passive resistance, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was known to his many followers as Mahatma, or â€Å"the great- souled one.†(19) Much of his life was focused on ending the struggles in his home country India. His ascetic lifestyle was an inspiration to millions under government control. During World War I he became an influential part of India’s fight for independency. His dedicated eloquence toward his practical and religious lifestyle earned him reverence among those who followed him. Gandhi proved that power is only relative to the eyes of receiver. His beliefs on power strained from his beliefs of peace and mercifulness. Even after his imprisonment he continued to act as an influential part of the war. When he was released into the public he started a new civil d isobedience campaign against the government taxing, which helped improve the life of India’s poorest citizens. People living in a law-bound society are morally bound by the beliefs their ancestors and peers have brought forth into existence. Theists are primarily responsible for the foundation of civilization today. Customs forged from deities, false or true, have sculpted the customs followed today. The Bible is responsible for most of the laws in the United Sates. Our constitution was crafted from the teachings the bible. Religion governs most lives no matter their beliefs. Calling yourself an atheist will not change the fact that you have to abide by the laws created by people that believed in figments. It is taught that this life you live is only a training ground to see if you are truly worthy to grant your eyes the blessing of god. If you fail to comply with the rules that he has set in place then the rest of your existence will be spent in eternal damnation. Scared for what may truly exist, many people decide they would be better off to just comply than to risk putting something they d ont understand at risk. Since the beginning of all human understanding we have been forced to follow some guidelines. Despite laws being proven to get in the way of some advancement, laws can also show to be very beneficial. â€Å"Regulation creates limits, constrains a right, creates or limits a duty, or allocates a responsibility†. (Deddington 21) Laws are the number one reason why millions of lives are spared a day. Government has cast a strong shadow of awareness of what will happen if you act inappropriately. The aggressiveness that follows safety is a by-product of concern and care. As long as you act within the law, then you will be fine. The law is there for protection. If you accept it, then it will accept you. However, law has a made strong point that if you do not choose to live under these rules then you may not live at all. Communist Russia held a stronghold of customs that may have seemed insane to alien countries. They were not allowed nearly as much freedom as federal governments. Russians were paid based on their skills and needs. The amount of greed they lusted for was much lower than that of any neighboring country. They lived by a simple creed. Live hard and work hard. Russia was a communist country for over 80 years. It had a thriving economy with content citizens that populated it border to border. Joseph Stalin reined leader from 1924 to 1953. His influence on the world was a primary reason for the abandonment and rebellion against communism in Russia. He was responsible for the holocaust of millions of Ukraine’s that is largely forgotten. He organized 10 million farmers to fund a communist collective farm. When they denied, he commanded troops to kill them. When bullets proved to be too expensive he simply removed all sources of food and starved them all to death. Stalin’s death count was much higher than that of Hitler. He was more ruthless and had little morals. His actions were spontaneous and without reason. Stalin possessed an exceptional amount of power with no restriction as to what he was allowed to do. â€Å"There is no good and evil, there is only power and those too weak to seek it.†(Rowling 143) This flood of wrong doing created massive alert world-wide. World empires teamed up in order to take Stalin down. The idea of evil is based on perspective. Over time society has become less reliant on force and more drawn toward peace. For nearly one hundred years slavery was thriving in America. A strict decree of prejudicial etiquette was formed in order to keep control over African Americans. Slavery was largely uncontested until the late 1800’s. Abraham Lincoln was a powerful man that despite feeling more powerful than minorities, he still felt there was no justification for the burden of the white man’s problems being forced unto slaves. In his eyes they were now a part of the United States and deserved freedom. He continued with his cause knowing that the government would not be able to act forcefully against his cause. â€Å"For in reason, all government without the consent of the governed is the very definition of slavery.†(Thinkexist 2) With no freedoms or rights, the black community held no ground and could in no way act against the government in a safe manner. Lif e was grueling and unrewarding. The scraps they were fed could only be flavored by the salt from their tears. Black children were unknowingly born into an unrelenting society. â€Å"I didnt know I was a slave until I found out I couldnt do the things I wanted†(1) The government had complete control. Superfluous power deteriorated the foundation that America had built one for the last century. Their supremacy turned out to be their own downfall. Within a year Abraham Lincoln was able to abolish slavery through acts centered on pacifism. His campaign for presidency was also centered on the freedom of the nation and fairness of the governed. Laws only have as much power as we are willing to give them. Much like an animal that makes itself seem bigger to scare its prey, the government pursues a persona of complete control until retaliation occurs. Every action we commit further increases entropy. We live in a small world and are only allowed a limited number of mistakes before we become consumed with sin. Committing to others may be the only way for true bliss to be achieved. Allowing laws to run your life may be your only salvation, your only way of functioning in modern day society. Having a solid foundation, comforting surroundings, and a safe life. These are the primary concerns that are addressed by law. Law, despite being the abstract webbing that holds lives together, is not unbeatable. Humans have shown time and time again to overcome boundaries and morph them into something they favor. Works Cited Association Awards. Law and Society Association. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Apr. 2014. The Editors of Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. Lord of the Flies (novel by Golding). Encyclopedia Britannica  Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, 1 Sept. 2013. Web. 21 Apr. 2014 Effect_on_Germans. Effect_on_Germans. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2014. Francis, Robert, and Martin J. Walker. Lord of the Flies. Deddington: Philip Allan Updates, 2010. Print. Isaac Newton Quotes. Isaac Newton Quotes (Author of The Principia). N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May  2014. The Holy Bible Containing the Old and New Testaments. Trenton: I. Collins, 1791. Print. Beech, Linda. Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire by J.K. Rowling. New York, NY: Scholastic, 2000. Print. Slavery Quotes. Thinkexist.com. ThinkExist, n.d. Web. 16 May 2014. Annotated Bibliography Francis, Robert, and Martin J. Walker. Lord of the Flies. Deddington: Philip Allan Updates, 2010. Print. Lord of the Flies offers an interesting point of view over the effects that laws have over mankind. It reveals our underlying nature. This book argues the evil that is inside of man. It focuses on the aspect of sin and rebellion that follows our natural position. This source is very useful. The information is opinionated but still very reliable. The goal of this source is to lead me toward believing that we are all born into evil but sculpted into a society that will keep us safe. This resource has been extremely helpful in understanding the flaws of man. It promotes the idea that rules keep us safe but draw us farther from our natural environment. I can use this source in my paper as a way to show the reader how freedom makes us turn into beasts. It may even change the way they think about the world like it has me. The Editors of Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. Lord of the Flies (novel by Golding). Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, 1 Sept. 2013. Web. 21 Apr. 2014. This source summarizes the dark side of human nature. It also stresses how important the need for intelligence is needed for a controlled society. The usefulness of this source is going to be very reliable when writing about the fashion of society. This source is not biased but rather explains the cold hard facts that have been put down on us along with the constraints of the government. The source was helpful because it will allow the reader to understand how freedom can be a bad thing. It will explain that the laws we have are a double edged sword. What Is the Law. What Is the Law. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2014. The main reason for this article was to explain why we have laws. It covers topics such as crime rate and crime dependency. A useful source such as this is reliable because of the facts that are given along with the points made. The information perceived is not biased. It was all gathered from credible sources. The source explains why laws exist as well as what could happen if they did not exist. I will use this source when I cover law dependency and necessity. How Laws Affect People. VM Law RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Apr. 2014. Laws affect people in positive and negative ways. It forces us to settle our natural instincts and focus on a more controlled way of living. Not all data presented is reliable, however, I will use what is not opinionated. The goal of this source is to let the reader know what happens when laws colonize a population. The source will be helpful. It will further prove how badly laws affect a society. I will be using this source in my project. Effect_on_Germans. Effect_on_Germans. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2014. The German’s had many laws that caused an economic downturn. There were many things they weren’t allowed to do. This explains how a rebellion was cause from over enforcement. The source will be slightly useful when enforcing my thoughts on how laws can be trouble if they limit freedom too much. The source is not biased at all. It’s goal was to explain a reason why the Germans may have attacked and starting world war II The article fits into the research paper because it goes over laws that cause rebellion. I do not completely agree with it but, it can further my paper and make it easier to understand. Association Awards. Law and Society Association. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Apr. 2014. This is a peer reviewed article. It gives solid facts concerning the importance of laws The topic covers important issues about the public needs. This source is reliable and all information presented is unbiased. This source will prove helpful and does not change my thoughts concerning laws and rules.It supports all the ideas that I will present. Law and Society Association. Law and Society Association. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Apr. 2014. This source explains who controls all the laws that are made. It goes over the importance of control and freedom in law making. The source is reliable because it is straight from historical events. At the same time it is unbiased I will be able to use a small amount of the information presented. It does give good thoughts on why we need rules in a society. Laws and Regulations. USA.gov: The U.S. Governments Official Web Portal. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Apr.2014 This gives a detailed list of important laws. It explains why it is necessary to have them in our lives. Every aspect of this article is completely unbiased and reliable. All information is taken from the laws that we are aware of. This source furthers my understanding of law making. It will fit into the paper by assessing important topics concerning how we act around specific rules.

Postmodernism and Social Praxis Essay -- Ethics Feminism Theology Essa

Postmodernism and Social Praxis Whereas the interpreter is obliged to go to the depth of things, like an excavator, the moment of interpretation [genealogy] is like an overview, from higher and higher up, which allows the depth to be laid out in front of him in a more and more profound visibility; depth is resituated as an absolutely superficial secret.(18) So those are the changes, and I try to show those changes...(19) In Communities of Resistance and Solidarity, as well as in A Feminist Ethic of Risk, Sharon D. Welch sets forth a liberation theology in which the deconstructive processes of Michel Foucault are key. Her theology is an amalgam of Foucault's poststructuralist concepts and liberation theology's action-oriented motivation. Welch claims the genealogical methods of Foucault are ideal motivators, urging the activist to political involvement. However, Michel Foucault's genealogy was not intended for such pragmatic applications. Foucault's purpose in writing genealogies was never action-oriented. He only set out to "show those changes." By definition, genealogy never rests in one discourse or on one "truth." Foucault, as an "interpreter," emphasizes the necessary tension between keeping distance from historical discourse and awareness of one's inescapable position in historical discourse. In short, the genealogist can never rest on his or her laurels: seeming bases of "truth" are actually co nstantly changing historical constructions. While Welch claims not only to possess this type of awareness, but also to recognize its absolute necessity for her theology, she is in danger of defeating her own goals: with no solid foundations, no fixed truths, on which to base liberation theology's arguments, how can her action-... ...78. Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason. Trans. Richard Howard. New York: Pantheon, 1965. Kaufmann, Walter, ed. The Portable Nietzsche. New York: Penguin Books, 1982. Mohanty, Chandra Talpade, Ann Russo, and Lourdes Torres. Third World Women and the Politics of Feminism. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1991. Rabinow, Paul, ed. The Foucault Reader. New York: Pantheon, 1984. Schà ¼ssler-Fiorenza, Elizabeth. In Memory of Her: A Feminist Theological Reconstruction of Christian Origins. New York: Crossroad, 1983. Welch, Sharon D. Communities of Resistance and Solidarity: A Feminist Theology of Liberation. Maryknoll, New York: Orbis, 1985. A Feminist Ethic of Risk. Maryknoll, New York: Orbis, 1985. Winter, Gibson. Address. "Religious Social Ethics in a Postmodern World." Temple University, Philadelphia, 22 March 1995.

Fast Food Nation Essay

The idea of â€Å"fast food† has been around since before the 1920s. However, the real emergence of the industry was not until the late 1940s following the Second World War. Military based towns were desolate during the war. Once the war was over, there were many more mouths to feed and more places to put restaurant franchises. This coupled with the passing of Eisenhower’s Interstate Highway Act and the sheer drive of fast food pioneers allowed franchising to be very successful. People were able to take their new cars on the highway and take convenient off-ramps to â€Å"speedee service† restaurants (Schlosser, 20). Ray Kroc, founder of the McDonald’s corporation, has created a revolutionary franchise that has become a household name all over the world. There are many theories on how this and other fast food corporations reached such success. One of the major reasons is the strategic segmentation of the human race; groups of people have been targeted as prime consumers of fast food. To consume, by definition, is to purchase goods for one’s own desires. The fast food industry has become just that, a desire to people of all statuses in society. In Eric Schlosser’s Fast Food Nation, the impact that the fast food industry has on children, parents and the foreign population as consumers is arguably detrimental in its use for economic success. The fast food industry targets many demographic groups in our society. Children are subjected to the billion dollar advertising campaigns that fast food restaurants create. Kids are enticed to purchase fast food before they can even earn money. This is where the industry makes their killing; by advertising to young children, parents are pressured to buy goods from the fast food restaurants. It’s not just getting kids to whine. It’s about giving them a specific reason to ask for the product† (Schlosser, 43). Although it is not the children specifically giving the cashier money for products, they have the tremendous power of leverage with their parents. Starting with a broad look: the restaurants themselves often times have a play area for children, McDonald’s being most notable for this. They create characters, such as Ronald McDonald and friends, to make kids feel like they are in a fun house or that the restaurant truly cares about each child. Taco bell’s chihuahua was a â€Å"cute† puppy for kids to love as well (Schlosser, 43). Kid’s meals in most fast food places are served with toys to play with. Fast food corporations began the process of synergy; they were signing with other major businesses to put popular toys in their meals. For example, Wendy’s signed with NCAA for action figures, McDonald’s signed with Ty for Beanie Babies and Pokemon cards (Schlosser, 47). When children found competition with other children to â€Å"get the next toy first,† there was a reason to come back to that restaurant. Even the color scheme on the packaging the meals come in is bright and exciting. Why would any child say no? The parents of these children and teens are also affected by the fast food industry. As previously mentioned, children pressure their parents to buy goods from fast food chains. Parents consume these goods for themselves but also represent their children, which makes up an entirely different consumer group. Fast food caters to those parents who are short on time, money or both. Parents who work long or unusual hours can count on a nearby fast food restaurant being open at all hours. Even when families are constantly on the move, a drive-thru is a quick and easier way to eat than making a meal at home or sitting down in a restaurant. In addition, parents who struggle with every penny they have can buy their family meals for a fraction of alternative options. McDonald’s company historian says, â€Å"Working-class families could now afford to feed their kids restaurant food† (Schlosser, 20). Parents want to give their children the best; being financially able to take them to restaurants is a value that could now easily be attained with the emergence of the fast-food industry. Fast food chains have expanded beyond American borders for potential growth. McDonalds alone has over seventeen thousand restaurants in over 120 countries globally. That number does not include KFC, Pizza Hut, Burger King or Domino’s Pizza. They all receive a majority of their profit through overseas markets. Fast food chains symbolize Western economies and therefore, seen as the channel to economic prosperity in countries that are struggling (Schlosser, 229). Natives of Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and countless other nations literally lined up for hours outside of brand new fast food franchises to purchase American food (Schlosser, 230). The billionaire responsible for bringing McDonald’s to Japan went as far as saying that eating their hamburgers would make them white, blonde and taller in stature (Schlosser, 231). The campaign to Americanize the world is more overwhelming now with people in every corner of the globe spending their money on American fast food. The saying â€Å"you are what you eat† is heavily campaigned outside of the United States. People are consuming KFC, Burger King, Pizza Hut and McDonald’s food in hopes to become more like Americans. After reading Fast Food Nation and analyzing this specific aspect of the fast food industry, I am able to form my own opinion. My first and foremost reaction to all of this is about health issues. There is a huge problem with feeding children food that is lacking in the nutrients necessary to grow and reach their highest potential in the future. Parents are feeding their children fast food but what were they [parents] fed as children? There was a lot more emphasis on home-cooked meals and the family sitting down for dinner every night back when today’s parents were growing up. Children are drinking sodas, eating processed hamburgers and other greasy foods without any previous knowledge to make that decision. They are not taught about nutrition and what they are really putting in their bodies before nagging their parents to get the latest toy in a happy meal, as an example. The most important years in a person’s life should be sustained with the best nutrients possible. I know that personally, my mother cooked a majority of my meals growing up and having fast food was a treat. Now I can make educated decisions on what foods to consume. I think that anything in moderation is acceptable; it is the families that get a different fast food meal four or five times a week that concern me. Along the same lines, parents are not setting the right examples for their children when they stop at the local drive-thru to grab dinner. There must be a balance between stimulating economies and sustaining healthy lives of all ages. In Fast Food Nation, Eric Schlosser describes children, parents and people living outside of American borders as targeted consumers by the fast-food industry. Kids are subjected to advertisements and several other ploys so that they will coerce their parents to buy them products from fast-food restaurants. Because they are such a large influence on the consumption of fast food, they are directly targeted as consumers. The parents are affected both indirectly and directly as consumers; they consume fast food for themselves and their children. Fast-food chains have made it convenient for parents who work atypical hours and those who cannot afford other meal options. With the success of the fast-food industry in America, corporations have moved their efforts to international patrons. Fast food has become a major symbol of Western living and is highly desirable to many foreign nations. The consumers’ love of fast food proves economic success, but does it show success in other aspects of human life? People have become so accustomed to purchasing fast-food meals that the entire standard of nutrition and healthy living has gone down; we truly are a fast food nation.

Understanding the 4 Basic Types of Unemployment

Understanding the 4 Basic Types of Unemployment If youve ever been laid off, then youve experienced one of the types of unemployment  that economists measure. These categories are used to gauge the health of an economy - be it local, national, or international - by looking at how many people are in the workforce. Economists use this data to help governments and businesses navigate economic change. Understanding Unemployment In basic economics, employment is tied to wages. If you are employed, that means youre willing to work for the prevailing wage being offered to do the job youre doing. If you are unemployed, that means you are unable or unwilling to do that same job. There are two ways of being unemployed, according to economists. Voluntary unemployment occurs when a person is jobless by choice, rather than due to a lack of employment opportunities. Quitting your job because you just won the lottery and no longer need a steady paycheck is one example of voluntary unemployment.Involuntary unemployment occurs when a person is willing and able to work for a given wage but cannot find a job. Corporate layoffs following a merger or a downturn in the economy are two examples of involuntary unemployment.   Economists are chiefly interested in involuntary unemployment because it helps them gauge the overall job market. They divide involuntary unemployment into three categories. Frictional Unemployment Frictional unemployment is the time a worker spends between jobs. Examples of this include a freelance developer whose contract has ended without another gig waiting, a recent college grad seeking his or her first job, or a mother returning to the workforce after raising a family. In each of these instances, it will take time and resources (friction) for that person to find a new job. Although frictional unemployment is generally considered short-term, it may not be that brief. This is especially true for people new to the workforce who lack recent experience or professional connections. In general, however, economists regard this kind of unemployment as a sign of a healthy jobs market as long as its low. A low frictional unemployment rate means people seeking work are having a fairly easy time finding it. Cyclical Unemployment Cyclical unemployment  occurs during downturns in the  business cycle when demand for goods and services declines and companies respond by cutting production and laying off workers. When this happens, there are more workers than there are available jobs. Unemployment is the inevitable result. Economists use this to gauge the health of an entire economy or large sectors of one. Cyclical unemployment may be short-term, lasting mere weeks for some people, or long-term. It all depends on the degree of the economic downturn and what industries are most affected.  Economists usually focus on addressing the root causes of the economic downturns, rather than correcting cyclical unemployment itself. Structural Unemployment Structural unemployment is the most serious kind of unemployment because it points to seismic changes in an economy. It occurs when a person is ready and willing to work, but cannot find employment because none is available or they lack the skills to be hired for the jobs that do exist. Oftentimes, these people may be jobless for months or years and may drop out of the workforce entirely. This kind of unemployment may be caused by automation that eliminates a job held by a person, such as when a welder on an assembly line is replaced by a robot. It may also be caused by the collapse or decline of an important industry due to globalization  as jobs are shipped overseas in pursuit of lower labor costs. In the 1960s, for example, about 98 percent of shoes sold in the U.S. were American-made. Today, that figure is closer to ten percent. Seasonal Unemployment Seasonal unemployment occurs when the demand for workers varies over the course of the year. It can be thought of as a form of structural unemployment because the skills of the seasonal employees are not needed in certain labor markets for at least some part of the year. The construction market in northern climates depends on the season in a way it doesnt in warmer climates, for example. Seasonal unemployment is viewed as less problematic than regular structural unemployment, mainly because the demand for seasonal skills hasnt gone away forever and resurfaces in a fairly predictable pattern.

Sample Classroom Rules for Teachers

Sample Classroom Rules for Teachers When designing your classroom rules, keep in mind that your rules must be clear, comprehensive, and enforceable. And then comes the most important part... you must be consistent in enforcing them all the time, with every student, using predictable and delineated consequences. Some teachers suggest writing the class rules with your students, using their input to create buy-in and cooperation. Consider the benefits of strong, teacher-determined rules that are not viewed as negotiable by the people who must follow them. Weigh the pros and cons before deciding which method to employ. State your rules in the positive (no donts) and expect the best from your students. They will rise to the high expectations you set starting from the first minute of the first day of the school year. 5 Simple Classroom Rules Here are the five classroom rules that are simple, comprehensive, positive, and clear. Be respectful to all.Come to class prepared.Do your best.Have a winning attitude.Have fun and learn! Of course, there are many variations of classroom rules that you can follow, but these five rules have been a staple in my classroom and they work. When looking at these rules, students know that they must respect each and every person in the classroom, including me. They also know that it is essential to come to class prepared and ready to work and do their best. In addition to that, students must enter the classroom with a winning attitude, not a pessimistic one. And finally, students know that learning should be fun, so they need to come to school every day ready to learn and have some fun. Variations of the Rules Some teachers like to be more specific in their rules, such as hands must be kept to yourself at all times. Bestselling author and Teacher of the Year Ron Clark (The Essential 55 and The Excellent 11) actually recommends having 55 essential rules for the classroom. While that may seem like a lot of rules to follow, you can always look through them and choose the rules that suite your classroom and your needs.   The most important thing is to spend time before the school year starts determining which rules fit your voice, personality, and objectives. Think about what you want your students to do and keep in mind that your rules must suite a large group of students, not just a few individuals. Try and keep your rules down to a limit between 3-5 rules. The simpler the rules, the easier it is for students to remember them and to follow them. Edited By: Janelle Cox

Indian Movies; Are They Bad essays

Indian Movies; Are They Bad essays People usually know more about their own culture, but people also know something about other cultures too, whether it is true or not. A white man's perspective may be very different than an Indians perspective when it comes to the Indian culture. I once fell into that white man's category and thought Indians were evil, worthless, and scary. Well, it came from watching movies that have portrayed Indians that way. Many movies such as the famous John Wayne movie The Searchers, have made the Indian culture look like they are no better than dirt. While there are many of these mythical Indian movies, there are hardly any movies such as Smoke Signals, that portray who Indians really are. Thus, the majority of Indian movies, which were made by white people, have negatively influenced Indian culture with stereotypes that are very hateful towards the Indian culture. Why is it that when little kid's play Cowboys and Indians they almost always want to be the Cowboy? My mother told me a true story about this little Indian kid from church. My mom was at church and she watched as this little Indian kid wanted to play cowboys and Indians with this other kid. They both started to argue about who was going to be the cowboy because they both wanted to be him. Doesn't that seem weird that no matter what culture kids are brought up in they still want to be the cowboy? I wonder why, maybe because the cowboys are portrayed as being good, and the Indian are portrayed as being bad in almost all of the old western movies. Nobody wants to be the bad guy. Western movies have perverted our perception of Indians and have made it difficult for us to know or understand Indian culture. Few images are more corrupted than that of the American Cowboy and Indian movies. There are many of these movies and usually there are no Indian characters, no individuals with a personal history or even a point of view about the ...

Intellectual Property Rights Protection in China Research Paper

Intellectual Property Rights Protection in China - Research Paper Example Yet, it is also a fact that resource rich and technology intensive MNCs can only wholeheartedly commit themselves to their Chinese ventures, only if they are sure that their massive investments in the intellectual property will not be diluted in China owing to a scant regard and concern for intellectual property rights (Ordish 27). Thus upholding of the intellectual property rights in China is synonymous with creating just the right kind of business and investment environment. A section of the Chinese intelligentsia holds that intellectual property rights is a legal tool devised by the West to counteract the rising might and potential of the Chinese scientists and experts (Mertha 42). What China needs to understand is that the stakes exploiting the intellectual property related loopholes within China can also resort to the similar mechanisms and stratagems to undermine the indigenous intellectual property wealth. Thus a potent intellectual property rights regime will guarantee the security of both the Western and Chinese intellectual property related investments, and will definitely prove to be beneficial for China in the long run. There is no denying the fact that a developing nation like China has a big population, and the sta

In what ways can the philosophy and practice of cultural proficiency Essay

In what ways can the philosophy and practice of cultural proficiency offer solutions to unequal health outcomes for Indigenous Australians - Essay Example They still struggle against discrimination in all areas including health and social care. Australia’s Aboriginal population teaches two contrasting truths: â€Å"the crucial significance of culture in people’s lives† (O’Hagan, 2001, p.93), and the cultural insensitivity among those in authority including health care professionals towards minority cultural groups. According to the RACP (2004), the inequality in health status of indigenous populations in Australia is directly related to systemic discrimination. Health inequalities can be corrected only by achieving fundamental changes in the dominant Australian population’s behavior towards Aboriginal people. Ensuring equality in the indigenous groups is vital for the improvement of their health. Thus, â€Å"racist treatment should be recognised as a social determinant of health† (Larson et al, 2007, p.322), leading to inequalities in well-being and protection from diseases. (CSDH, 2008). Together, the conditions of daily life and the structural determinants consisting of distribution of power, income, goods and services, and the consequent unfairness in access to basic amenities such as health care are the major reasons for health inequities among indigenous groups (CSDH, 2008). Appropriate and adequate provisions are required for health care. For example, Kildea et al (2010) state that poor maternal and infant health outcomes can be improved for indigenous populations through an intensive, coordinated strategy to close the gap between the requirement and the provision of facilities to fulfill the requirement. Further, there is a lack of sensitivity to the crucial cultural philosophies and practices of the indigenous groups, with attempts to compel them into the mainstream population, while depriving them of access to basic amenities. Since the health outcomes of the indigenous

Miyazakis Animations and the Japanese Culture Essay

Miyazakis Animations and the Japanese Culture - Essay Example This essay stresses that the contemporary society does not embody any relationship between financial independence and the spirits. Contextually, many people engage in modern jobs to earn money and not to pursue their dreams. As opposed to the ancient Japan where people engaged in work and believed in spirits as the ones that provide and help in their various life instances. This paper makes a conclusion that the Japanese society had a matriarchal system where women could take control of family structures and various relationships in the family. However, the gender and gender roles gradually changed due to modernization and Westernization influenced by the Second World War, Western culture, and advancements made in technology. Through Miyazaki, a renowned film director in Japan, the Japanese Society received various works that enhanced the shift of gender roles. Miyazaki’s personal psyche had a great impact on his animation career and bring about a positive influence on the shift evidenced in the Japanese shift regarding gender roles. Kiki’s Delivery Services forms a basis for the shift of gender roles seen in Japan through Miyazaki’s contributions. Confucianism in the ancient Japan accelerated the change of gender roles since the Japanese copied the modern cultures from China and Korea. Therefore, Hayao Miyazaki makes a considerable contribution toward the changing of culture in Japan through his Kiki’s Delivery Service, his personal psyche and commitment to the animation industry.

Business Law Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Business Law - Research Paper Example In later years, the scope of anti discrimination law has been extended to include discrimination in the workplace against individuals other than black Americans. This report discusses the relevant legislation that has been implemented and the impact that they have had in terms of influencing the human resources process at organizations in the United States. Some of the legislation introduced in the United States to tackle the issue of discrimination in the workplace include: (a) Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibits discrimination in employment based upon age, racial background, colour, sexual orientation or nationality (b) The civil rights Act of 1991, one of the provisions of which is to provide for monetary damages for those individuals who have been intentionally discriminated against. (c) Equal Pay Act of 1963, wherein men and women who perform substantially the same level of work are to be provided with equal pay (d) ADEA OR the Age Discrimination in Employ ment Act of 1967, which protects those individuals who are aged 40 years or over from being denied work opportunities or promotions (e) ADA or Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (as amended) in which Title I and V prohibits discriminating individuals who are disabled from employment in the private sector, local or state governments (f) The Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the equivalent Act to the ADA for individuals with disabilities in the Federal Government, under Sections 501 and 505. (g) The Genetic Information Non discrimination Act of 2008, which under Tiitle II, does not allow discrimination against an employee, former employee or ob applicant on the basis of genetic information about the candidate that may be available. Anti discrimination employment laws have produced a significant impact in terms of making the employment arena a much more equitable playing field for those individuals who are from minority backgrounds or who are disadvantaged in some way compared to the av erage applicant, i.e, through disability, sexual orientation, religious background or other factors. Burnstein and Edwards (1994) examined the impact of employment anti-discrimination laws on the relative earnings of blacks and whites. As these authors indicate early on in their article, citing the views of Gunnar Myrdal, in 1944, the American Blacks were in a wretched position in terms of employment, they were mostly destitute and poor, living in segregated slums. The anti discrimination legislation however, provided an opportunity for blacks to apply for positions that were earlier not accessible to them, such as jobs in public sector enterprises and educational opportunities. Secondly, the legislation provided them an opportunity to seek redress through the courts and by approaching the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission if they were not paid on an equitable basis in comparison with whites. As Burnstein and Edwards (1994) have pointed out, the most significant impact of the anti discrimination legislation has been the improvement in the relative earnings levels between blacks and whites.(Burnstein and Edwa

DNA Practical Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

DNA Practical - Lab Report Example One purine pair with one Pyrimidine with hydrogen bond to make the double stranded DNA. Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T) with double H-bond and Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C) through triple H-bond. Isolation procedure requires disruption of cells so that the cell content comes out, followed by sedimentation of the cellular debris on application of centrifugal force and to collect the DNA from the supernatant. These DNA fragments are separated using gel electrophoresis. The process encompasses separation, based on their size, the pore size of the gel, the voltage gradient applied and the salt concentration of the buffer. Larger pore size is for the separation of fragments larger than 500- 1000 bp and smaller pore of agarose gels are used to resolve fragments smaller than 1000 bps and can be visualized. The technique of electrophoresis is based on the fact that since DNA contains phosphate group, it is negatively charged at the neutral pH. When electric potential is applied, it moves towards the positive terminal. The solidified agarose gel is inserted into the electrophoresis chamber and is just covered with buffer. The DNA sample is mixed with the loading buffer and then pipette in the sample wells. On application of the current DNA migrates towards positive (red colored) electrode. The distance DNA has migrated in the gel can be judged by visually monitoring migration of the tracking dyes. After adequate migration, DNA fragments are visualized by ethidium bromide. This is a fluorescent dye and it intercalates between the bases of DNA and RNA. It is incorporated in the gel so that staining occurs during electrophoresis. Bands appear on the gel and can be visualized. Results: Part 1 A fluffy white layer was formed at the boundary between the green and the purple liquids when the ethanol was added. It was made up of fine filaments. Part 2 After putting the electrical current, strands of the DNA become visible to the naked eye. It becomes like stains, or bands, on the gel. Discussion NaCl removes protein and carbohydrate in DNA and also act as lysing buffer. NaCl contains Na+ which binds with the negatively charged phosphate molecule of the DNA. It also stabilizes the pH and process the density of DNA. Washing liquid reduces the acidity of solution and remove CO2. Detergents remove the interfering cells and are used as a substitute for the chemical compound that is capable of damaging the cell wall and membrane. They act as emulsifying agents and can digest compound that causes stiffness of polymeric cells. Endiamin tetra ethyl acetate (EDTA) serves to remove the Mg+2 ion and proven enzymes which can damage cellular DNA, it protects the DNA from DNAse. It interrupts the interaction of polar cell membrane and unites as detergent. Gel electrophoresis is a powerful tool for the separation of macromolecules with different sizes and charges. DNA molecules have an essentially constant charge per unit mass thus they separate in agarose, based on the size, smaller the size more distance it can travel and larger the size of the DNA less it can travel. Increasing the concentration of a gel reduces the migration speed and enables separation of smaller DNA molecules. The

Individual Project Unit 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Individual Project Unit 4 - Essay Example This creates a situation where a silent partner begins exerting their pressure on the company leadership (in this case a friend or family member) which can jeopardize future relations or future lending opportunities. Oftentimes, as well, because friendship and family relationships are usually quite informal, the receiver of the start-up funds will neglect to put any formal agreement into contract form. When this occurs, if conflict arises about the progress of the business, disappointment and mutual anger can occur, which could often cause internal conflict which is apparent to the customers, diminishing profitability when sales decline. Having identified the risk of relationship funding, it is important to identify other sources of financing in order to prevent damaging long-term camaraderie with the acquaintance lender. As such, the business had identified one possible option as a term loan, which is provided by a banking institution. Term loans involve a specific amount of money, usually loaned at a term of five to 10 years, based on projections of future profitability (Longenecker et al). Though this is probably one of the most stable methods of borrowing money, there are potential risks to the receiver of the funds. For instance, a business that takes out a term loan must have a competent method of forecasting cash inflows and matching future periods of revenue to meet the loans repayment terms. A business which does not plan accordingly will experience a cash flow crisis, potentially harming the future operating potential of the business. Another type of financing option is asset-based lending, which involves receiving a line of credit (usually from a bank) which is based on asset value (GE Capital, 1999). For instance, assume that the company maintains regular payment in accounts receivable or maintains inventory which, when resold, can be liquidated for

Business Law Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Business Law - Research Paper Example In later years, the scope of anti discrimination law has been extended to include discrimination in the workplace against individuals other than black Americans. This report discusses the relevant legislation that has been implemented and the impact that they have had in terms of influencing the human resources process at organizations in the United States. Some of the legislation introduced in the United States to tackle the issue of discrimination in the workplace include: (a) Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibits discrimination in employment based upon age, racial background, colour, sexual orientation or nationality (b) The civil rights Act of 1991, one of the provisions of which is to provide for monetary damages for those individuals who have been intentionally discriminated against. (c) Equal Pay Act of 1963, wherein men and women who perform substantially the same level of work are to be provided with equal pay (d) ADEA OR the Age Discrimination in Employ ment Act of 1967, which protects those individuals who are aged 40 years or over from being denied work opportunities or promotions (e) ADA or Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (as amended) in which Title I and V prohibits discriminating individuals who are disabled from employment in the private sector, local or state governments (f) The Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the equivalent Act to the ADA for individuals with disabilities in the Federal Government, under Sections 501 and 505. (g) The Genetic Information Non discrimination Act of 2008, which under Tiitle II, does not allow discrimination against an employee, former employee or ob applicant on the basis of genetic information about the candidate that may be available. Anti discrimination employment laws have produced a significant impact in terms of making the employment arena a much more equitable playing field for those individuals who are from minority backgrounds or who are disadvantaged in some way compared to the av erage applicant, i.e, through disability, sexual orientation, religious background or other factors. Burnstein and Edwards (1994) examined the impact of employment anti-discrimination laws on the relative earnings of blacks and whites. As these authors indicate early on in their article, citing the views of Gunnar Myrdal, in 1944, the American Blacks were in a wretched position in terms of employment, they were mostly destitute and poor, living in segregated slums. The anti discrimination legislation however, provided an opportunity for blacks to apply for positions that were earlier not accessible to them, such as jobs in public sector enterprises and educational opportunities. Secondly, the legislation provided them an opportunity to seek redress through the courts and by approaching the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission if they were not paid on an equitable basis in comparison with whites. As Burnstein and Edwards (1994) have pointed out, the most significant impact of the anti discrimination legislation has been the improvement in the relative earnings levels between blacks and whites.(Burnstein and Edwa

Individual Project Unit 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Individual Project Unit 4 - Essay Example This creates a situation where a silent partner begins exerting their pressure on the company leadership (in this case a friend or family member) which can jeopardize future relations or future lending opportunities. Oftentimes, as well, because friendship and family relationships are usually quite informal, the receiver of the start-up funds will neglect to put any formal agreement into contract form. When this occurs, if conflict arises about the progress of the business, disappointment and mutual anger can occur, which could often cause internal conflict which is apparent to the customers, diminishing profitability when sales decline. Having identified the risk of relationship funding, it is important to identify other sources of financing in order to prevent damaging long-term camaraderie with the acquaintance lender. As such, the business had identified one possible option as a term loan, which is provided by a banking institution. Term loans involve a specific amount of money, usually loaned at a term of five to 10 years, based on projections of future profitability (Longenecker et al). Though this is probably one of the most stable methods of borrowing money, there are potential risks to the receiver of the funds. For instance, a business that takes out a term loan must have a competent method of forecasting cash inflows and matching future periods of revenue to meet the loans repayment terms. A business which does not plan accordingly will experience a cash flow crisis, potentially harming the future operating potential of the business. Another type of financing option is asset-based lending, which involves receiving a line of credit (usually from a bank) which is based on asset value (GE Capital, 1999). For instance, assume that the company maintains regular payment in accounts receivable or maintains inventory which, when resold, can be liquidated for

Mandatory Service Program Essay Example for Free

Mandatory Service Program Essay There are many debates concerning advantages and disadvantages of mandating community service, however, the practice of compelling adolescents to take part in community service is increasingly common. People seek to understand the relationships between mandatory community service and volunteering. A key distinction between mandated community service and volunteering is the freely-chosen nature of the latter activity compared to the compulsory nature of the former (Arai et al.). Even though college students may not comprehend the value of community service now, this is a great opportunity for them to achieve something in the future. What harm can several hours of service per week possibly do to youngsters? Instead of attending pubs, drinking alcohol and doing whatever they like to do, they will be busy with contributing to the society. The statistics shows that students who participated in community service while studying at college are more likely to find a good job because they have something to put in their resumes. Such people are welcome in every circle. Current statistics from the Department of Labor report that in the United States among the 26, 8% of the adult population who volunteer, college students are the majority of them (76, 3%). That shows that individuals with higher levels of educational attainment are more aware of the importance of contributing to the community, more aware of the impact the may have and the responsibility they carry as citizens to improve lives and solve problems. By implementing a mandatory service program for all college students, the number of active students should be increased, and that should be the start. The reason why that should be initiated at college is that college is where there already a wide culture of volunteering, where individuals are more responsive to the need of getting involved. College students carry fundamental information that should help in crafting solutions to existing social problems. At the beginning, the service will, of course, be mandatory, but later most of the students may like it, may like to pay tribute to their society and be responsible for something useful and good that they have done. The study of Ontario university students compared a cohort of students required to perform mandatory community service to a cohort that did not, in terms of their attitudes toward volunteering and civic engagement a few months after high school graduation (Henderson). Metz and Youniss note in particular the benefits of mandated community service for students who are less inclined to servedefined in this case as students who had no volunteer experience prior to beginning their mandated service, and who delayed beginning their service until their final year before graduation. In their study, these less-inclined students, once compelled to become involved in community service, experienced firsthand the benefits of doing so, and were likely to stay involved and report intentions to continue civic involvement into adulthood. While more-inclined adolescents similarly reported intentions to continue their involvement, they were likely to do so regardless of whether they had been required to perform community service (Arai et al.). Among the group less inclined to service, students required to perform mandatory service showed a greater likelihood of civic interest and understanding, future voting, and conventional civic involvement after their experience (Lerner, Zaff). Mandated community service experiences are not significantly different from those entered into willingly. Length and breadth of service is similar, and with the exception that high school students who were not mandated to perform community service tend to use their schools to identify volunteering opportunities, and as places to perform service, the two cohorts are indistinguishable (Brown et al.). Some may not agree that service should be made mandatory to all students at college because partner sites could lose with the program instead of benefiting. The argument is that sites will not have a long- term commitment from the students participating in the program and that might hurt their projects. However, the students might be so deeply involved with their projects that they may choose to carry on with their work and continue to help. Their enthusiasm may influence others in their lives, such as their family members, in such a way they become supports as well. Another strong argument against mandatory service program is that in 2002, Covitt found that girls had more positive attitudes about required service than boys, and that white students had more positive attitudes than black students (Lerner, Zaff). Of course, it is impossible for all nations and genders to have the same attitude and the same point of view. But that is the actual purpose of community service: to unite everyone for solving common social problems and achieving desired goals. Nowadays civic engagement is deteriorating, people become members of different associations less and less, they are not interested in social activities and do not care about obvious problems. They turn a blind eye on everything that is farther from their reach. There are three possible ways for mandated behavior programs to attain their goals: they compel, directly, the very behaviors that are seen to be essential; they create behavioral habits so that individuals might then begin to participate in other similar activities; and/or the act of participating instills in individuals the attitudes that then serve as motors for other behaviors deemed to be beneficial (Brown et al.). Among programs aimed at students, effects are clearest when service is regular and sustained, when there are broad opportunities for public action, or when the service provides students with an opportunity to experience power. Factors such as the amount of enjoyment, support, respect, and appreciation students encounter in their placements are very important in promoting a commitment to subsequent volunteering (Brown et al.). Mandatory community service is, of course, one example of mandated civic behavior deemed to benefit both individual participants and society as a whole. In order for college students not to be hostile towards the program, they need to get some benefits from participating. And this way they will not feel forced to do anything. Their contributions will become more voluntary and, therefore, they will become better people than they were before. In conclusion, it has to be said that the number of reasons pro establishing mandatory service program is overwhelming and fears about consequences are not reasonable enough to fight against it. Students will be busy with something useful for their lives and will not notice how they begin to enjoy it. Both, the young people and the society will benefit from it.

History of Riots of Los Angeles

History of Riots of Los Angeles For years, Los Angeles, California has been the home of social mayhem. From gang rivalry and racial injustice to job discrimination and police brutality, L.A. has earned one of the most menacing reputations on the West Coast. As a result of racial injustices, poor education, and high unemployment rates, riots are not strangers of L.A. Two of the most well known riots of L.A. are the Watts Riot and the Rodney King Uprising. Both riots were immediate reactions to police brutality. Now, when I hear the word riot, I think of a duration of about two days, three at the most. These two riots, however, lasted five and six days, respectively. Lets take a trip back in time. First, to 1965, which was the year of the Watts Riot. Then, well travel forward in time to 1992, the year of the Rodney King Uprising. The following events are recounted from a nurse, Ms. Robbie Wroten, who provided medical care to residents during these events. It was around 7:15 pm on August 11, and Ms. Wroten was preparing dinner for her three children. On the stove was a pot of green beans, a pot of mashed potatoes, and a frying pan with hot grease, ready to fry chicken. Theres a frantic knock at the door. It was Eli, one of Ms. Wrotens neighbors, coming to tell her that Mark, Marquette Frye, had been arrested. And it wasnt just Mark. It was also Marks brother, Ron, and their mother. The isles that warmed the mashed potatoes and the green beans now provided no heat. The grease that was prepared for the chicken was quickly poured back into its container. In a house coat and worn out bedroom shoes, Ms. Wroten rushed down to the corner of the street, just in time to see a mother and her two sons put in police cars. Surrounding the many police cars were angry residents of Watts, who had no problem expressing their disapproval of the family arrests. Its only cuz they black, Ms. Wroten recalled hearing. They didnt do nothing wrong, another per son yelled. And then, it started. A young African-American male picked up the largest rock he could find and hauled it at one of the police cars driving away. As more and more onlookers began to throw objects, Ms. Wroten ran back to her home and locked her doors. Praying for an end to the actions outside, Ms. Wroten continued to cook her dinner. The next morning, Ms. Wroten woke up to advisories to stay indoors. She kept her children home from school. Later that day, Ms. Wroten had learned, from sources in the community, that what had happened the night before was only the beginning. News reports that night made residents of Watts aware that armed forces had been alerted and would be called into action immediately. Ms. Wroten called her younger sister to advise her to stay indoors. As she explained to her children what was going on, she prepared herself for what was about to happen. By the third day, August 13th, residents were rioting all over Watts. Stores were vandalized, buildings were burned, and citizens were injured. Ms. Wroten was called to provide medical attention to residents. As she immersed herself into the crowded chaos, she found it hard to move from one place to another without witnessing glass bottles with fire-burning paper inside thrown into store windows. She looked to the left of her, and she saw people stealing whatever they could get their hands on. To her right, policemen were struggling to sustain one of the looters caught trying to steal a radio from an appliance store. There were mostly privately owned businesses that were burned. The rioters sought out to aim at white business owners and those who they felt had personally discriminated against them. All around her, there was smoke from the burning buildings, soot from the fire extinguishers, and injured people lying on the ground. Equipped with a first aid kit from the hospital, Ms. Wroten began to help those that she could. She wrapped gauze around gushing wounds, applied sterile bandages to first degree burns, and applied antibiotics to surface cuts. Running back and forth between the hospital and the streets of Watts, she bought oxygen masks for those who were too weak to breathe and carried children to safe homes. Then, she went around from house to house, making sure that the women and children were doing fine. She recalled having to console one woman who thought that her son might have taken part in the rioting and the vandalism of one of the stores. Going to check on her own children, whom she had taken to her sisters house, Ms. Wroten witnessed residents fighting police, residents attacking white motorists, and residents who were preventing firefighters from putting out some of the fires. These, and similar, events continued throughout the day. At one point, Ms. Wroten recalls being unable to recognize herself when she looked in one of the few glass windows that had not been broken. Soot covered her entire body, from her hair to her shoes. She thought to herself, Its hard enough just trying to survive out here. How in the world could someone be concerned with stealing things from a store? As the night came, more and more armed forces appeared on the scene, attempting to control the rioters. Fire brigades were trying to put out fires, while guardsmen attempted to restore order in the streets. By the fourth day of the riots, officials were everywhere. The government had established a curfew to keep people from coming outside. Ms. Wroten recalls government officials standing in front of houses to ensure that no one disobeyed the rules of the curfew. It worked. By Sunday, August 15, the officials had finally gotten the riots under control. Fires, vandalism, and looting had all ceased. Millions of dollars worth of damage were left as a result. Five years after the Watts Riots, Ms. Wroten recalls that the neighborhood was still scarred from the events of 1965. Burned buildings that were once prosperous before the riots remained bleak. Lots remained empty, and hope of restoration subsided. Many people left Watts, either in search of better living conditions, or afraid of a reoccurrence. Ultimately it was identified that the arrest of the Frye family was not the solitary reason of the Watts Riots. Some underlying reasons were high unemployment, inferior living conditions, and poor schooling. Little efforts were made to change these attributes, and therefore, Watts still has many of these issues today. In 1992, Ms. Wroten witnessed another riot in South Central, L.A., the Rodney King Uprising. Rodney King, an African-American male, had been violently attacked by four white police officers shortly after he led police on a high speed chase. The beating had been caught on tape. Charged with assault and use of excessive force, a jury, which was predominantly white, acquitted the police officers. The riots began shortly after the verdict was passed. Ms. Wroten remembered being on her way to work when the riots began. She described the scene as a war zone. She noted that, contrary to reports and popular belief, African- Americans were not the only participants of the riots. She said that there were many Hispanics causing upheaval as an outcry of the discrimination they were subjected to. As is the case with the Watts Riots, there was not solitary reason for this uprising. The once all African-American community was threatened by the newly inhabitant Hispanic population. Residents were fu ll of anger and it was as if everyone felt discriminated against. Ms. Wroten also remembered the attack on Reginald Denny, which occurred about three hours after the riots began. In the words of Ms. Wroten, Reginald Denny was in the wrong place at the wrong time. He was a truck driver who was making a delivery a few blocks away from where he was dragged out of his truck and attacked by a gang of residents. He was hit in the head with concrete and cinder block until he was unconscious. This attack happened as a result of the hatred toward the White population in Los Angeles. Though she did not witness the Fidel Lopez beating, she was told about it. Lopez was attacked minutes after Denny had been rescued. He was also pulled from his truck and attacked. He was robbed of a substantial amount of money. His head had been cracked open by a car stereo, and one of his ears was partially cut off. Then, the whole front side of his body was spray painted black, including his genitals. Ms. Wroten believes this attack was geared towards the Hispanic community. Similar to the Watts Riots, she witnessed looting, vandalism, and stores being set afire. She recalled the military coming into the community to restore order. They established curfews and prevented residents from travelling at will. For a while, no one could leave or enter South Central, Los Angeles, for fear that another riot would ensue. She comments that unlike the Watts Riots, the community rebounded quickly. Within about a day of military authority, the riots were over and the angered community began to return to a peaceful one. She and most of her family attended the peace rally that was held on that Saturday. She said she was very glad to see how many people were in attendance. She described it is a whole bunch of people. Though the riots were declared over by the sixth day, there were still a few random acts of violence and threatening incidents that occur a couple days after. For this reason, the National Guard remained present in South Central for another two weeks. Historically, Los Angeles, California has suffered from poor education, high unemployment, racial injustices, and police brutality. Even today, some of those conditions have not changed. Los Angeles is still attempting to recover from the tragedies that happened years ago. They say that history repeats itself, but this is one instance in which I really hope it doesnt. I hope that twenty years from now, when I assign my students this project, they will be able to report that Los Angeles has made a complete turnaround, and that the things of the past, stay in the past.

Carnivorous Plants Essay -- essays research papers

Carnivorous Plants In a world where plants are at the bottom of the food-chain, some individual plant species have evolved ways to reverse the order we expect to find in nature. These insectivorous plants, as they are sometimes called, are the predators , rather than the passive prey. Adaptions such as odiferous lures and trapping mechanisms have made it possible for these photosynthesizers to capture, chemically break-down and digest insect prey (and in some cases even small animals.) There is no reason to fear them though. The majority are herbaceous perennials, usually only 4 to 6 inches high, and nothing like the plant in "Little Shop of Horrors". Almost all carnivorous plants have a basically similar ecology and several different species are often found growing almost side by side. They are most likely to be found in swamps, bogs, damp heaths and muddy or sandy shores. Drosophyllum lusitanicum from Portugal and Morocco is the one exception, it grows on dry gravelly hills. Like other green plants, carnivorous plants contain the organic pigment chlorophyll. This pigment helps to mediate a chemical process called photosynthesis. This converts light energy into the chemical bond energy of carbohydrate which is utilized as cellular energy, plant growth and development. Water, carbon dioxide, nutrients and minerals are also needed for survival. In wetlands, where stagnate water contains acidic compounds and chemicals from decaying organic matter many plants have a difficult time obtaining necessary nutrients. It is in these nutrient poor conditions that some plants evolved different ways of obtaining nutrients. The ability of carnivorous plants to digest nitrogen -rich animal protein enables these plants to survive in somewhat hostile environments. The evolution of carnivorous plants is speculative due to the paucity of the fossil record. It is believed that plant carnivory may have evolved millions of years ago from plants whose leaves formed depressions that retained rain water. Small insects would sometimes fall into these water reservoirs and drown, eventually being decomposed by bacteria in the water. The nutrients from the insects would be absorbed by the leaf. The deeper the leaf depression the more insects that could be drowned. This would have creat... ... as frogs and small rodents. Nepenthes are unique amongst carnivorous plants as the only dioecious genus, which means there are separate male and female plants. These plants are very endangered and several species or extinct. Some species of Nepenthes are sold for hundreds of dollars to collectors and are involved in illegal overseas trade. The growing of carnivorous plants has become very popular in recent years. Unfortunately the endangered status of many species does not stop collectors from risking high fines and field collecting them. This has had seriously impact on many species, but collectors are not the biggest problem facing carnivorous plants. In the USA and other developed countries wetlands are considered useless and are being drained and developed on. At present it is estimated that only 3-5% of carnivorous plant habitat remain in the US. Another problem is that fires are put out before they spread even though many plants, such as the Venus fly trap, benefit from periodic burns. Habitat destruction from slash and burn agriculture, however, does not benefit any of the carnivorous plants and is also causing a great deal of the extinctions.

The Teacher Who Changed My Life Essay -- Descriptive Essay Examples

The truism "To teach is to touch a life forever" is one that all of us have heard, but very few can identify with. Almost every student has had at least one teacher who he or she despises, or one who has left his or her positive impression upon the student. In my case, it was Mrs. Rudra, my sixth-grade homeroom and English teacher. Remember those first days of a new school year? You don't know who your teacher is going to be, or which of your friends you'll get to have in that class? It was just such a day for me. Our school had a new teacher who had transferred from a military school. Her husband had retired from the Army, and they had moved into our town. It was perfect for them. The town I grew up in was known as the Garden City of India, and it also had the sobriquet "Pensioner's Paradise." Since Mrs. Rudra was still a few years from retirement, she filled a vacancy at the best girls' school in town. The school could do with a teacher of her background. Discipline, especially of the military kind, can come in handy when dealing with twelve-year-olds. The buzz about this "Drill Sergeant" wasn't the best. Like a case of Chinese Whispers, the grapevine swung into action. "Do you know she smokes?" said one. "Have you heard she's one for detention?" said another. "I hope I'm not in her class," stated another. As we were all sending our silent prayers to the one above, the class lists were posted. A mad clamor ensued to find out where each one of us was headed. A sense of dread had taken hold of me. I was not particularly lucky w... ...rment. My grades improved remarkably. For my second term, I was elected Class Monitor. Other teachers also commented on how much I had changed-for better or worse, they did not say. When the school year came to an end, I was disappointed. Here I was, totally transformed, all due to the effort of one person. Academically, I was confident of my abilities. Socially, I was self-assured. The following years, whenever she passed me in the hallways, always erect in her posture, and strident in her gait, Mrs. Rudra would flash her nicotine-tainted smile at me. The most I could do was to return what I hope was an ever-grateful look, and then wonder who else's life was going to be touched by this teacher. I do suppose that "To teach is to touch a life forever," so the truism goes.

Native American Boarding Schools

An Indian boarding school refers to one of many schools that were established in the United States during the late 19th century to educate Native American youths according to Euro-American standards. These schools were primarily run by missionaries. These often proved traumatic to Native American children, who were forbidden to speak their native languages, taught Christianity and denied the right to practice their native religions, and in numerous other ways forced to abandon their Native American identities and adopt European-American culture and the English language. There were many documented cases of sexual, physical and mental abuse occurring at these schools. In the late eighteenth century, reformers starting with Washington and Knox, in efforts to â€Å"civilize† or otherwise assimilate Native Americans (as opposed to relegating them to reservations), adopted the practice of educating native children in modern American culture. The Civilization Fund Act of 1819 promoted this civilization policy by providing funding to societies (mostly religious) who worked on Native American improvement. Attendance in Indian boarding schools generally grew throughout the first half of the 20th century and doubled in the 1960s. Enrollment reached its highest point in the 1970s. In 1973, 60,000 American Indian children are estimated to have been enrolled in an Indian boarding school. Several events in the late 1960s and mid-1970s (Kennedy Report, National Study of American Indian Education, Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975) led to more emphasis on community schools. Many large Indian boarding schools closed in the 1980s and early 1990s. In 2007, 9,500 American Indian children lived in an Indian boarding school dormitory. This includes 45 on-reservation boarding schools, 7 off-reservation boarding schools and 14 peripheral dormitories. From 1879 to the present day, hundreds of thousands of American Indians are estimated to have attended an Indian boarding school. Native American children were often separated from their families and people when they were sent or sometimes taken to boarding schools off the reservations. These schools ranged from those like the federal Carlisle boarding School, to schools sponsored by religious organizations to some created by non-profits such as the founding of an Indian school in Hanover, New Hampshire in 1769. In addition to reading, writing, and arithmetic, the Carlisle curriculum constituted of vocational training for boys and domestic science for girls, including chores around the school and producing goods for market. In the summer students were often outsourced to local farms and townspeople to continue their immersion and provide labor at low cost. Carlisle and its curriculum would become the model for the Bureau of Indian Affairs and by 1902 there were twenty-five federally funded non-reservation schools across fifteen states and territories with a of over 6,000. Although federal legislation made education compulsory for Native Americans, removing students from reservations required parent authorization, although coercion and even violence were often used to secure the preset quota of students from any given reservation. Once the new students arrived at the boarding schools, life altered drastically. They were given new haircuts, uniforms, and even new English names, sometimes based on their own, other times assigned at random. They could no longer speak their own languages, even between each other, and they were expected to convert to Christianity. Life was run by the strict orders of their teachers, and it often included grueling chores and stiff punishments.

Factors Affecting Academic Achievement in Children

Factors affecting academic achievement in children By Aaron shen Nowadays people are concerneed about education so much due to it has inevitable influence on academic achievement. But what is academic success? More and More studies have been taken to show different ideas about factors affecting academic achievement in . It’s clear that teachers’ assistants are no longer a popular point. Instead,researhers found that the size of the class is a noticable factor.Of course,tradtional ideas are still very useful to consture it such as teaching method,teaching equipment,personal qualities,families and so on. Jeremy Finn of the State University of New York and Charles M. Achilles of Eastern Michiggan University found ‘an array of benefits of small classes’in their review. In their study,they drew a conclusion that students in the small classes performed better than those who were in the larger classes. Increasing data and study are proving this idea. Due to all th e studies,it’s easy to say why this happens.First,fewer students in the classroom seem to translate into less noise and disruptive behaviour from students,which not only give the teacher more time for class but also more freedom to engage students creatively. Undoubtfully,this will help improve academic achievement. However,some new points are put forward arguing that although students can gain initial benefit from small classes,the STAR data cannot prove that the gains persist for years after a student has returned to a normal-sized class. The example of Japan is typical to testify that teaching method is a necessary factor.It is well known that classes in Asia are large,but why Asian childen do so well in such classes compared to the small classes in American and oher developed countries? The legendary is the way accroding to Catherinne lewis who is an expert on the Japanese educational system and a senior researcher at Mills College. Such discipline is not imposed by fears ome teachers. Instead,students are honored to be chosen to lead lessons,and they take turns to do it,experiencing firsthand what it is like to quieten down an unruly group of students.As a result,teachers mange the class by this rather than punishing and rewarding. What’s more,Japanese teachers spend more time with their students which centainly help studennts to learn well both in study and life skills.. All in all there are lots of factors that will affect academic achievement. Except what have been mentioned above,families and intelligence are very necessary factors as well. This eassy aims to study and tries to explain all of these aspects.

Accounting Theory and Current Issues Problems

The article half a defence of positive accounting research by Paul V Dunmore has been analysed in the present segment. The current study discusses positive accounting of research program extensively that in turn helps in development of causal factors of human behaviour from the perspective of accounting. In this respect ontological along with epistemological aspects of research works are appraised in the study. The introductory section of the current segment reflects the background information on positive research in accounting, aspects of scientific research projects along with instances of positive research in the field of accounting. Subsequently the article throws light on diverse aspects of scientific ontology and epistemology, falsification and importance of hypothesis testing in research work. In addition to this, the article also sheds light on different requirements on necessities productive and effectual positive research program, states the reason behind research programs are conducted in this way and delivers the concluding pronouncements together with suggestions for enhancement of research work. In itself, the current study concisely explains the summary of the article to deliver a comprehensive outline of the present article and recognises the research questions from specific research objectives. Besides this, the current study also exemplifies diverse theoretical aspects of positive accounting research in the current report and clarifies the significance and limitations of the study. The particular article fundamentally deals with positive approach undertaken for research in accounting and explains illustratively various doctrines of positive accounting on a particular platform of research work (Hopper and Bui 2016). Nonetheless, the current analysis in turn provides assistance for determination of causal linkages in behaviour of human beings observed from accounting perspective. Subsequently, the particular critique indicates the scientific research works conducted in economics as well as accounting as positive research. Over and above this, the research article also helps in understanding the manner positive approach can be utilized in accounting research, identify different deficiencies in the procedures of implementation of scientific means for research plans. In addition to this, the research article also elucidates exhaustively as regards intellectual enquiry established for development of research hypothesis and Greek practice of logical investigation as vital functions of scientific research works (Huber 2015). Moving further, the research article presents instances   Ã‚  Ã‚  of positive accounting research also summaries nature in addition to causes of certain factors of accounting, though the reasons might possibly be dissimilar illogical factors of human psychology. The research article also expounds different theories of scientific ontology and epistemology, rationality of examination of hypothesis of research and distortion. In this regards, the research article stated that principles a nd doctrines of research are regularly endorsed inductively by the process of accumulation of requisite, but this process of induction cannot be regarded to be correct (Jaggi 2015).   In itself, the research article also expounds exhaustively and comprehensively the Popper’s criterion that indicates the phases that natural scientists undertake for undertaking research work. Predominantly, the procedures takes account of observation and subsequent development of initial ideas, formulation of formal concepts and inspection of forecasts. For itself, undertaking this procedure also have the chances of disapproval of quite a lot of theories and helps in examination of feasibility of falsification of theoretical concepts. In addition to this, inspection of falsification also demonstrates qualitative positive research approach, diverse intents of qualitative positive research and subsequently illuminates the logic, strengths as well as weaknesses of statistical examination of research hypothesis (Kim and Zhang 2013). As such, the research article exhaustively illustrates the judgement behind examination of research hypothesis that can be regarded as a version of P opper’s judgement that is predominantly utilized in quantitative research. Particularly, for this null hypotheses are taken into account and under the specific null hypothesis, certain distribution of test statistic is calculated. Accordingly, the article mentions that the intention of inspection of research hypothesis is to invalidate the projected null hypothesis of the research work based on the enumerations. The research article also suggests that there is necessity for certain statistics for undertaking positive accounting research. Nevertheless, statistics are inexactly utilized, consequently, the usual aim need not be examination of hypothesis and in its place estimation needs to be utilized (Ball et al.   2013). Also, the current research article also describes the effect on positive research programs. Moreover, the research article also sketches the necessities of undertaking an effective positive approach for undertaking research works. This in turn also indicates the requirement for diverse models that can be stringently scrutinized, studying the significance of analytical modelling and need for enumeration instead of testing. In conclusion, the research study states conclusive pronouncements founded on inspection of different ontological and epistemological facets of positive approach in research works. Additionally, conclusive declarations of the current research article also clarifies the limitations of research works in the field of accounting and way in which the present exercise of accounting is deficient of necessary requirements (Miller and Power 2013). Over and above this, the study also recommends methods for enhancement of the research exercise grounded on identified gaps in specifically theoretical modelling, enumeration procedures utilized in different models, examination of hypothesis and documentation of data records. Examination of research observations of the current research refers that there is persistent necessity for more advanced processes for examination that can ensure that theoretic models can be appropriately gauged (Robson and McCartan 2016). Predominantly, the ideologies and doctrines need to be functionalized by establishing apposite proxies for across-the-board and significant notions. Before instituting a viable method for examination of notions, precis e measurement scheme need to be correctly utilized as a standard that can be used in all the research studies and eradicate the need for re-creating diverse dimensions every time for all the subsequent research works (Rogers and Van Buskirk 2013). As such, evaluation of diverse observations also proposes the fact that there needs to be transference of concentration from essentially the processes of examination of research hypothesis to particularly the estimation processes of specific research parameters. By itself, comparative appraisal can be undertaken between the confidence intervals as well as varied theoretic estimates of research parameters along with diverse similar examinations from research projects (Smith 2014). The present research article also recommends about the necessity to upkeep data records, proper implementation of significant notions that in turn can help in inspection of framed research hypothesis. According to analysis of observations, research study also reco mmends about the need for applications that in turn can assist in endorsement of findings acquired from testing of framed hypothesis of the research. The questions that can be framed based on current objectives of the research: How do the positive approach adopted in the field of accounting research can assist in the process of accomplishment of scientific purposes of research work? How do procedures of development of specific hypotheses for research, examination of hypothesis enhance a particular research work under consideration? In what manner do different aspects of ontological along with epistemological factors of scientific research affect research procedures? The contemporary fragment demonstrates theoretical construction of current research work that in turn can assist in the procedure of upholding theoretical notions that are particularly relevant in the present context (Tucker et al. 2016). Also, theoretical outline of the present study takes account of different descriptions of ontological along with epistemological factors of scientific research works under consideration. By itself, the carefully chosen article elucidates diverse notions of positive approach in accounting research, its contextual background accompanied by biases. The chosen research piece also draws reference to specific Greek mythology, specific religious understandings about the entire world, (Buddhist otherwise Abrahamic) for comprehensive understanding of the procedures of sensible enquiry that essentially is a significant measure of scientific research (Wilkinson and Durden 2015). Also, the present research article also demonstrates the significance of positive approach in accounting research and pulls reference to vital model that can essentially help in understanding the rationality as well as self-absorbed human behaviour. Over and above this, theoretical outline of the current research study comprises of thorough study of logical ontology along with epistemology of scientific research. Also, the notions along with doctrines of accounting fundamentally comprises of comprehensive explanation of accounting concepts such as revenue, expenditure, gains or else losses and many other concepts (Bonin 2013). Nevertheless, accounting concept in ontological setting also divulges the fact that there are several fundamental deductions vis-à  -vis reality existence that basically can be related to significant theory especially focussed on philosophy of realism. Yet, dissimilar conclusions drawn that has foundations on explicit ontological assumptions insufficient. This is basically for specific cases in which the significances in conjunction with r oles of mainly accounting in business concerns as well as community need to be considered. Based on the observations, it can be hitherto construed that positive ontology and epistemology might perchance not be precise and illogical (Coad et al.   2016). In this connection, positive research assumed for varied wings of social science have the need for suppositions of certain research approaches that are in essence based on important observations regarding causal linkages. However, the theoretical construction of researches consists of comprehensive explanations of Popperian criterion, qualitative research in Popper’s practises, clarification of judgement accompanied by explanations of strengths as well as weaknesses of statistical examination of research hypothesis as part of implementation of Popper’s procedures and evaluation of erstwhile research that can illustrate influence on positive research projects (Deegan 2013). Particularly, the insinuation of the current article under consideration is that it helps in obtaining ample awareness regarding positive approach of research particularly in the field of accounting. Nevertheless, the research work aids in the process of augmentation of causal affiliation of specific nature of human in basically accounting setting. Apart from this, examination of research article also divulges the fact that the research study concentrates on significance of logical investigations that can upkeep the whole practice of foundation of cause and effect link (Gaffikin and Aitken 2014). On top of this, the research study also contributes towards the procedure of attainment of systematic information regarding different theoretic philosophies as well as notions of normal science propounded by Kuhn. Nonetheless, the primary output profoundly consists of statistically noteworthy consequences and has different uninterpretable statistical coefficients related to transformed measu rements. There are several limits of the current piece of research. Fundamentally, the details suggested by Kuhn are also non-important (Miller and Power 2013).   As such, the current study therefore proposes varied propositions based on consequences of the research study. For itself, the recommendations for of enhancements of theoretic models have the need to be assessed for formation of effectual research pieces. Nevertheless, the study exemplifies inadequate advancement in scientific research particularly in the field of accounting. This can be hereby added that the research does not mention it does not mention particular ways for averting diverse difficulties of slow advancements in positive research specifically in the fields of accounting (Modell 2013). Yet again, the proposals for development as indicated in the research article also suggests about estimation of research parameters, though, the current research price does not exemplify the technique of application for asses sment of notions. The current report explains thoroughly diverse ontological and epistemological facets of scientific research schemes. However, the scientific research fundamentally comprises of intellectual investigation and fundamentally this practise of enquiry can be reflected as a vital part of scientific research process. Particularly, from the perspective accounting, scientific research procedures considers specific accounting exercises that essentially does not fulfil obligatory criteria for working as an effectual research work. Examination of consequences replicates diverse significant models that stem from fallouts of the inspection. The carefully chosen article also put forward diverse propositions that are important expressly for positive research and quantitative in nature. Analysis of observations of the current research piece also reflects the requirement for more superior hypothetical and theoretic models that can essentially be considered as pertinent subjects for comprehensive exam ination. Yet again, examination of research study also replicates the need for improved analysis processes in order to ensure that diverse hypothetical models can be correctly scrutinised. Outcomes of the current research article also mentions about the need for transference of the effort from particularly examination of research hypothesis to utilization of processes of estimation of research parameters. Finally, the research article also asserts the requirement for broad replication of specific intentions of validation of deductions from examination of research hypothesis. Ball, R., Kothari, S.P. and Nikolaev, V.V., 2013. Econometrics of the Basu asymmetric timeliness coefficient and accounting conservatism. Journal of Accounting Research, 51(5), pp.1071-1097. Bonin, H., 2013. Generational accounting: theory and application. Springer Science & Business Media. Coad, A., Coad, A., Jack, L., Jack, L., Kholeif, A. and Kholeif, A., 2016. Strong structuration theory in accounting research. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 29(7), pp.1138-1144.. Deegan, C., 2013. Financial accounting theory. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Gaffikin, M. and Aitken, M., 2014. The Development of Accounting Theory (RLE Accounting): Significant Contributors to Accounting Thought in the 20th Century. Routledge. Hopper, T. and Bui, B., 2016. Has management accounting research been critical?. Management Accounting Research, 31, pp.10-30. Huber, D., 2015. On the hegemony of financial accounting research: a survey of accounting research seen from a global perspective. Journal of Theoretical Accounting Research, 11(1). Jaggi, B., 2015. Research in financial accounting accounting theory ii (26: 010: 652) Fall 2015. Kim, J.B. and Zhang, L., 2013. Accounting conservatism and stock price crash risk: Firm-level evidence. Miller, P. and Power, M., 2013. Accounting, organizing, and economizing: Connecting accounting research and organization theory. Academy of Management Annals, 7(1), pp.557-605. Miller, P. and Power, M., 2013. Accounting, organizing, and economizing: Connecting accounting research and organization theory. The Academy of Management Annals, 7(1), pp.557-605. Modell, S., 2013. Making sense of social practice: theoretical pluralism in public sector accounting research: a comment. Financial Accountability & Management, 29(1), pp.99-110 Robson, C. and McCartan, K., 2016. Real world research. John Wiley & Sons. Rogers, J.L. and Van Buskirk, A., 2013. Bundled forecasts in empirical accounting research. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 55(1), pp.43-65. Smith, M., 2014. Research methods in accounting. Sage. Tucker, B.P., Parker, L.D. and Merchant, K.A., 2016. With a little help from our friends: An empirical investigation of co-authoring in accounting research. The British Accounting Review, 48(2), pp.185-205. Wilkinson, B.R. and Durden, C.H., 2015. Inducing structural change in academic accounting research. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 26, pp.23-36.