Anti-alcoholism Programms - Smart Custom Writing Samples

Anti-alcoholism Programms - Smart Custom Writing Gulf Spill's Estimated Impact May Be More than $1.7 Billionâ€Å"If tourism losses reach 30 percent and fishing losses 80 percent what Addy called the worst-case scenario the overall economic loss would reach more than $3.3 billion, with almost 49,000 jobs wiped out and up to $150 million in state and local tax revenues not collected† (Woodruff, By Cosby). The British Petroleum oil spill is measured as a cost in monetary value. However, it is more than that. It is a failure of policy. An act of greed. A disrespect of life itself. Rebecca Solnit has shed light on all the widespread repercussions of the British oil spill in her article entitled ‘Diary’. She has effectively used pathos as well as ethos to communicate her claim and I strongly agree that the combination of both these is necessary to explain such an issue. Moreover, she has mentioned first hand and gathered insight from the ground workers themselves. Thus, I support her approach on the issue. The article, based on the writer’s personal experience, has the appeal to ethos as well as pathos right in the opening paragraph which immediately identifies that the writers is well-informed and is absolutely clear about her approach to the argument. This method is reasonably effective to explain an environmental issue because such issues inherently involve both the use of facts as well as an appeal to ones feelings. The article starts by a vivid description of the most perfect environment to live in, with ‘oak trees’, ‘Spanish moss and Mardi grass beads’,’ beautiful old houses with turrets’ and most importantly, ‘no refineries’ for miles.   Suddenly, the reader is engaged with an abrupt transition from the thoughts of the heavenly abode to the bitter reality, that is, of the existence of ‘powerful smell of gasoline’ and a ‘strange metallic taste in ones mouth’. Here, the writer has effectively gained the reader’s attention by reminding them that the even the most serene environments, free from massive development, are negatively affected by the BP oil spills. Moreover, the writer also pinpoints the inadequate measures taken by the authorities in regard to the spills. She reminds the reader of the fact that the tragic incident of the British Petroleum oil spill was only catered for or more appropriately, temporarily unplugged, in mid-July. Millions of gallons of oil was still floating in the ocean and travelling in the air.   She also highlights the fact that the handout published by the Disease Control and Prevention and the Environmental Protection Agency was unhelpful. Furthermore, it provided evidence of the policy maker’s indifference as the handout bluntly stated ‘These effects should go away when levels go down or when a person leaves the area’. However, she presents a weak argument to support her assertion. The fact that a birdwatcher, Drew Wheelan, wrote on his blog, ‘that 20 hours later my mouth and tongue still feel as though they’ve been burned by a hot liquid’, does not provide concrete evidence that the effects ward off with distance. It might just be a fictitious claim or an attempt to generate negative propaganda. If the claim was verifiable or has she been able to establish Drew Wheelan as a reliable source, than the case might have been in her favour. The writer has accommodated all class of people being affected by the environmental damage in her article to highlight the widespread affects of the spills. She writes. ‘ it’s home, for pregnant women, for children, for old people who’ve spent their entire lives here, for people who love the place passionately   †¦ And for countless birds, fish, crustaceans, cetaceans and other ocean life. The spill has hit them all hard’. Here, the use of pathos is again very effective as she instantly strikes an emotional cord when she mentions that people of all age group, gender and medical condition are adversely affected by the traumatic repercussions of the oil spill. Her approach to the oil spill being better explained as synonymous to a blowout on policy also identifies her deep understating of the widespread repercussions of the issue. She claimed that she also saw the pictures of oiled pelicans like the others, but insists that the sensitivity of the issue is far complex than just a spill causing threat to life (human and animal both). It is actually a failure of policy under ‘the Bush-era corruption that turned the Minerals Management Service into a crony-ridden camp’. Here again, she has been able to highlight another flaw in the system which most of the articles on environmental damage fail to account for. Along with highlighting the failure of the companies and policies involved, she has also pointed the general apathy and ignorance of the people. She emphasized that petrol is part of our daily life, we are well aware of the threats posed, but never bother. Thus, she has rightfully held both profit oriented companies and people responsible for the hazards. This also adds complexity to her approach on the issue and makes it more appropriate. Most of the facts mentioned have been gathered through reliable sources like CNN and the employees themselves. For example, she mentions the BP clean up worker who quit because he was asked to only remove the surface sand. Similarly, another worker was fired on questioning over the clean up process and keeping the media at bay. Workers had to sign non-disclosure agreements and all their recording technologies were confiscated. All these provide evidence that the BP was well aware of the health and environmental violations but displayed unexplainable apathy. Perhaps the strongest argument presented by the author is the comparison between natural and technological disasters. She explains that hurricanes come, wreck and are soon over. Hurricane Katrina alone led to eight million gallons of petroleum being spilled. However, the damage was rectified. However, the damage posed by technological disasters like meltdowns, contaminations and toxic spills can neither be measured and nor be controlled. Effectively Building her argument further, she explains that ‘uncertainty has been central to the horror of spills’ as ‘the spill has no clear termination, no precedent, there’s little that ordinary people can do to respond, and no imaginable end to its consequences’. As mentioned earlier, the writer has cleverly presented the issues of people with differences in age, gender and social status. She quotes a poor tattoo artist, the person who called the first big demonstration against BP in New Orleans and co-founder of the organization ‘Murdered Gulf’, saying that ‘I don’t even eat seafood anymore, because that shit’s fucked up.’ Similarly, she highlights the threat to the $330 million fishing industry posed by the diversion of Mississippi river water. The industry is the livelihood of highly skilled but poorly educated people. On the other hand, a University of Alabama economist, Sam Addy claims that "Water transportation was not affected to our knowledge, fishing lost at least one major season out of two annually, and tourism was not wiped out al though it was severely impacted in the two coastal counties". The evidence against this assertion is the fact that twenty-one years after the Exxon Valdez spill, fishing industry has not revived. It is unjust to deny the repercussions and avoid taking responsibility of one’s act. Moreover, the existence of adverse affects after twenty-one years presses one to ponder how long would the BP oil spills last and what will be the repercussions.   The article finishes on the same note and thus, a solemn message was communicated effectively. Almost all the aspects of the issue were covered and diverse perspectives were also highlighted. Woodruff, By Cosby. "Gulf Spill's Estimated Impact May Be More than $1.7 Billion | Montgomeryadvertiser.com | Montgomery Advertiser." Montgomeryadvertiser.com | Montgomery Advertiser | Montgomery News, Community, Entertainment, Yellow Pages and Classifieds. Serving Montgomery, AL. 06 Nov. 2010. Web. 06 Nov. 2010. montgomeryadvertiser.com/article/20101106/NEWS02/11060346/Gulf spill s estimated impact may be more than 1.7 billion.

Factors Affecting Marketing Strategy

Factors Affecting Marketing Strategy Introduction Marketing strategy is basically incorporation of strategic way of thinking in the field of marketing. It is the process that enables an organization to focus its resources to greater opportunities to enhance sales and attain competitive advantage (Cravens Piercy, 2006, p. 6).Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Factors Affecting Marketing Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Marketing strategies are normally based on the concept of consumer satisfaction. Marketing strategy is most effective when it is integrated into the business strategy. In such case, it defines how the organization engages with its customers, makes plans and handles its competitors (Cravens Piercy, 2006, p. 8). Given the fact that customers are the major source of the company’s income, marketing strategy is highly linked to sales. The main aim of marketing strategy is to align marketing with business goals and objective s (Kriemadis Terzoudis, 2007, p. 30). Marketing strategy also acts as a foundation for the marketing plan and vice versa. Marketing strategy entails a set of action that enhances marketing plan. For that reason, marketing strategy is the foundation of marketing plan intended to satisfy market needs and accomplish marketing goals (McDonald, 2002, p. 13). In most cases the marketing strategy combines business goals, policies and activities into one. Marketing strategy thus acts as the reference point for all the marketing activities within an organization (Cravens Piercy, 2006, p. 10). The aim of this paper is to develop a marketing checklist for Adidas Company that would focus on corporate or organizational capability, competition, target markets and business environment. Marketing checklist is meant to provide direction for the business managers on factors to consider when formulating and implementing marketing strategy.Advertising Looking for assessment on business econo mics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The marketing checklist also helps to enhance the current marketing activities and to establish prospective opportunities. The checklist is also meant to help the company to effectively service the requirements of the target market. Market Analysis Global Sporting Apparel and Footwear Market The competitors of Adidas company are spread all over the world. The price margin between these companies is small and consumers can switch to different products with ease (Kriemadis Terzoudis 2007, p. 32). Athletic footwear being the most premium products, these companies focus more on the quality and durability of sports shoes since consumers are also looking for good quality and value for their money. In addition to large multinational companies dealing with similar products, for instance, Puma and Nike, competition also come from local companies found in different market segments. Three quarters of the world athletic apparel market and about 20% of the global shoe market belongs to localized companies (Pulendran, Speed Widing 2003, p. 478). The massive economies of scale are a major barrier for new entrants into the industry. Entering this market calls for enormous capital investment for developing and promoting a highly innovative product (McDonald 2002, p. 3). In addition, most consumers are looking to buy high quality products from reputable companies with already strong brand names.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Factors Affecting Marketing Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Creation of a company with highly innovative products and strong brand name in the global market takes a very long period of time, thus makes it very hard for new entrants to survive in this industry (Kriemadis Terzoudis 2007, p. 29). Consumers possess the bargaining power and can always switch to rival products when forced to. As a result, the global sports apparel and footwear market is characterized by low price margins and highly innovative products of both small and big manufacturers. Consumers have numerous brand names to choose from, with large price variations. The market also lacks complements and as a consequence consumers have higher bargaining power because they are not tied to specific products (Claycomb, Germain Droge 2000, p. 221). Competitive Environment Competitive business environment refers to the number and type of competitors within the industry (Salicru, 2010, p. 5). Competition varies from one market segment to another and therefore it is the responsibility of the marketing managers to formulate suitable marketing strategies for each segment (Keegan, 2002, p. 70). In addition to other factors, high competition in the market complicates the matters in the business environment. Businesses under such conditions normally face high uncertainty and advanced marketing strategies (Salicru, 2010, p. 5). The biggest rival of Adidas is Nike, which controls a third of the global market in sportswear, considerably higher than Adidas. In addition, there are other smaller competitors found in different corners of the world. In Asia we have Li Ning which is China’s largest sports shoe company. All these companies hoping to conquer Adidas Market share but with more advanced marketing strategy Adidas has been able to counter all of its rivals (Kriemadis Terzoudis 2007, p. 30). The Adidas group uses numerous marketing strategies to place its products into the global market.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Its target market includes big events such as the Olympic Games, EUFA Champions Leagues and FIFA World Cups. One of the strategy used by the company to reach its target market include acquisition of right of sponsorship. In addition, the group has entered into sponsorship deals with big clubs and famous sports icons worldwide (Andreasen Kotler 2003, p. 4; Kriemadis Terzoudis 2007, p. 32). The Marketing Environment Successful businesses are those that have adapted to their surrounding environment. Organizational contact with the environment squarely lies within the marketing domain and the development of suitable marketing strategies (Kotler Armstrong, 2001, p. 25). Over the past twenty years, most business literatures have paid a lot of attention in the area of marketing strategy. The reason behind the growing interest is mainly attributed to the remarkable transformation in the business environment (both internal and external environments). Nonetheless, literatures in strategic management and strategic marketing focus on the external business environment (Cravens Piercy, 2006, p. 8). Social Environment Social environment encompasses the trends and demographic factors in the target market, for instance, societal attitudes or demographic shifts that can either have a negative or positive impact on the marketing strategy. An example of demographic shifts is the education levels in the Asian Market which have forced the company to spend more money on staff training and promotional activities. The high population in China and Indian has led to more focus in the Asian market (Kriemadis Terzoudis 2007, p. 33). The increasing passion for sports has led to re-branding of Adidas products. Adidas has benefited massively from its efforts to re-brand its products to the highly fashionable line of products for multi-use and active lifestyle. The group is working hand in hand with the leading fashion designers to develop products that are highly fashionable for active and casual use. Re-branding has made Adidas gain immense inroad with the female consumers. The majority of the female consumers desire products that powerfully incorporate fashion, comfort and functionality. Female consumers have always remained untapped market segment (Claycomb, Germain Droge, 2000, p. 22). Economic and Political Environment Economic environment refers to the overall economic state and condition of a given state or region. The general state and condition of the economy normally have considerable impact on the company’s decision making process (Salicru, 2010, p. 12). Countries/ regions with the sound economic condition and high consumer purchasing power generally attract a high number of investors. This does not mean that companies do not venture into areas which are unhealthy economic-wise and have lower consumer purchasing power. Adidas group has been able to develop products that suits different market segments (Salicru, 2010, p. 14). Understanding the pol itical environment of the targeted market is very important especially for companies venturing into foreign markets. Political environment encompasses government policies and regulations that could have a positive and negative impact on the marketing strategies (Chaneta, 2002, p. 23). Being a multinational company, Adidas has also entered into agreements and negotiations with different governments in matters related to laws and regulations (Dibb, Farhangmehr Simkin, 2001. P. 409). Technological Environment Technological environment comprises of computers and computer systems used to manage businesses today and the infrastructure that supports these systems and processes (De Mooij, 2005, p. 101). Changes in technology enhance the vibrancy and intricacy of the business environment (Cravens Piercy, 2006, p. 33), which increases the complexity of marketing strategy developed by businesses (Chaneta, 2002, p. 24). Adidas Company has a strong reputation for incorporating technology on it s product line. The company is planning to build on this reputation by introducing new product lines that incorporate advanced technology to improve the performance of athletes. For instance, introducing athlete shoes with embedded microprocessor to monitor, measure and provide data on the athlete’s body, terrain and body impact. The issue of cost will be very insignificant since Adidas has already developed Adidas 1 which incorporates a microprocessor. The innovative nature of Adidas products has helped the Adidas brand maintain its technological prowess in the global market (Kriemadis Terzoudis, 2007, p. 33; Dibb Farhangmehr Simkin, 2001. P. 411). Internal Environment Internal business environment refers to internal conditions that have considerable impact on the decision-making process and general well-being of the business (Salicru, 2010, p. 6). Internal environment includes organization culture, staff commitment and competence, and internal control and evaluation mecha nism (Chaneta, 2002, p. 28). Organizational culture could positively or negatively impact the formulation and implementation of the marketing strategy. This depends on the compatibility of the organizational culture with the environment. Innovative culture in Adidas Company has facilitated the formulation of credible strategies and smooth implementation of marketing strategies (Keegan, 2002, p. 77; Kriemadis Terzoudis 2007, p. 32). The company is well endowed with analytically competent staff. These employees are capable of analysing problems and opportunities and coming up with remedies and strategies for the same (Pulendran, Speed, Widing, 2003, p. 479). They are also able to use a number of analytical and marketing tools such as SWOT analysis, Ansoff matrix and product Lifecycle analysis among others. Analytical competency not only enhances the role of staff in strategic marketing but also increases the company’s autonomy (Salicru, 2010, p. 9). The company’s emplo yees are also loyal and highly committed and always put more effort during the formulation and implementation of the marketing strategies. Increased staff commitment ensures effective assessment and management of the marketing strategy (Huczynski Buchanan, 2007, p. 7). Strategy evaluation and monitoring process is very important because of the constant changes in the market and consumer preferences. Hence, efficient evaluation and monitoring process put in place by the company positively impacts marketing strategy (Keegan, 2002, p. 19). Corporate Capability Numerous studies have been carried out regarding the development of core competencies to improve the performance and competitive advantage of organizations. The resource-based theory of the firm emphasizes on both the tangible and intangible capabilities (Hall, 1993, p. 608). Therefore, the main responsibility of any organization is to establish those capabilities that give its competitive advantage over its rivals. These capabi lities are normally rare, intricate and implicit. They are rare because they are not easy to copy, intricate because they are related to a number of factors that are linked to greater consumer value and implicit because they are permanently entrenched in the company (Johnson Scholes, 1999, p. 5). According to Hall (1993, p. 611), the main building block for any form of business strategy is a core competency. However, according to him, core competency is different from capability. He defines core competence as the blend of technological entities and production expertise that forms the basis for all the products of any given company, for instance, the incorporation of technology (GPS tracking devise) in sportswear by Adidas company (Dibb, Farhangmehr Simkin, 2001. P. 411). Consider a company like Adidas which has moved from sporting footwear to global sporting apparel and footwear. Experts attribute the success of this company to its core competency in sportswear. However, they argu e that even though its core competency has significantly contributed to its success in the global sporting apparel and footwear industry, the success cannot be attributed to the underlying competence alone. After all there are other well known companies, for instance, Nike and Puma which are successful designers and producers of sporting apparel and footwear. Hence, what gives the company a competitive edge over the competitors is its focus on capabilities (Stalk, Evans, Shulman, 1992, p. 65; Dibb, Farhangmehr Simkin, 2001. P. 411). Some of the company’s capabilities include incorporation of technology in its products and product realization which entails studying the needs of the market and providing products that meet those needs (Stalk, Evans, Shulman, 1992, p. 66). From the above example it is apparent that core competencies and capabilities are two different but complementary features of corporate strategy. They highlight the behavioural aspect of marketing strategy a s opposed to the traditional structural dimension of marketing. Therefore, both core competency and capabilities represent the universal model of corporate strategy (Vorhies Harker, 2000, p. 155). Targeted Market Target market refers to the prospective customers of the company’s goods and services. In other words, target market is the group of individuals and businesses that are targeted for sales and marketing (McDonald, 2002, p. 33; Lauren, 1999, p. 3). Effective identification of the potential client base generally helps to identify marketing strategies that can be incorporated into the business plan. Once this group is identified the four P’s of marketing (that is price, product, place, and promotion) are applied to determine the best product or service that fits a particular market segment (De Mooij, 2005, p. 4). Adidas is also putting a lot of emphasis on the emerging new markets in Asia and Latin America. Adidas has already beaten Nike in some of the Asian mark ets such as Japan and India and are divided over the Chinese market. The group has also seen the rise in its sales volume in Latin America. Adidas group has achieved this by collaborating with the local apparel manufacturers, sports clubs and sports personalities. These collaborations have enabled them to easily acquire vital information of different market segments. For instance, in China most of the commercials and advertisements include the Chinese-American Basketball icon Yao Ming which has enabled the Adidas to gain inroad among the Chinese Youths. Adidas is also collaborating with the local sports fraternity to increase interest in sports. Initially, such gestures do not create a lot of buyers, but in the long-run it generates interest in sports and markets Adidas brands (Kriemadis Terzoudis 2007, p. 34; McDonald 2002, p. 6). Conclusion Marketing strategy is a process through which companies can make best use of opportunities to enhance sales and attain sustainable competitiv e advantage using the available scarce resources. Marketing strategies are normally based on consumer satisfaction models and are more effective when integrated into the business strategy. However, there are a number of factors that have significant impact on the formulation and implementation of marketing strategy. They include internal and external environment, corporate capabilities, targeted marketing, and the level of competition among others. Corporate capabilities dictate the behavioural aspect of marketing strategies. Environmental factors and competition can either represent opportunities or a threat to the existing market strategies. References Andreasen, A.R., Kotler, P. (2003). Strategic Marketing for Nonprofit Organizations. 6th ed. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall Chaneta, I. (2002). Environments That Affect Marketing Management. Journal of Comprehensive Research, 7, 20-28. Claycomb, C., Germain, R., Droge, C. (2000). The effects of formal strategic market ing planning on the industrial firm’s configuration, structure, exchange patterns and performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 29, 219-234. Cravens, D.W., Piercy, N.F. (2006) Strategic marketing (8th ed.). Boston: McGraw Hill. De Mooij, M. (2005). Global Marketing and Advertising: Understanding Cultural  Paradoxes. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications. Dibb, S., Farhangmehr, M. Simkin, L. (2001). The marketing planning experience: UK and Portuguese comparison. Marketing Intelligence and Planning, 19 (6), 409-417. Hall, R. (1993). A framework linking intangible resources and capabilities to sustainable competitive advantage. Strategic Management Journal, 14 (8), 607–18. Huczynski, A., Buchanan, D. (2007). Organizational Behaviour: an introductory text (6th ed). Harlow: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Johnson, G. Scholes, K. (1999). Exploring Corporate Strategy. Hemel, Hempstead: Prentice Hall Europe. Keegan, W.J. ( 2002). Global marketing management (7th ed.). New Jersey : Prentice Hall. Kotler, P., Armstrong, G. (1991). Principles of marketing. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Kotler, P., Armstrong, G. (2001). Principles of marketing (9th ed.). Eaglewood Cliffs, New Jersey :Printice Hall. Kotler, P., Armstrong, G. (2001). Principles of marketing (9th ed.) Eaglewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Printice Hall. Kriemadis, T., Terzoudis, C. (2007). Strategic Marketing Planning in the Sport Sector. Sport Management International Journal, 3(1), 27-45. Lauren, L. (1999). Why is a target Market Analysis Important. Georgia: Georgia Southern University. McDonald, M. H. B. (2002). Marketing Plans: How to Prepare them; How to  Use Them (5th ed.). London: Prentice Hall. Pulendran, S., Speed, R., Widing, RE. (2003). Marketing planning, market orientation and business performance. European Journal of Marketing, 37(3), 476-497. Salicru, S. (2010). The Process of Formulating and Implementing Market Strategy. San Francisco: Innovation Centre. Stalk, G., Eva ns, P., Shulman, L.E. (1992). Competing on Capabilities: The New Rules of Corporate Strategy. Harvard Business Review, 92209, 59-68. Vorhies, D.W., Harker, M. (2000). The capabilities and Performance Advantages of Market-Driven Firms: An Empirical Investigation. Australian Journal of Management, 25(2), 154-173.

Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Review - Essay Example Its ability to manufacture and replicate things at a very cheap cost has numerous benefits that include the field of medical science, food production and even computer engineering. Ralph Merkle even envisaged that when nanotechnology reached its potential, we would come to the point that everybody is already materially wealthy that we will no longer ask what we can afford but on what is intrinsically valuable that we need. Ralph C. Merkle envisioned that with nanotechnology, we would be able to cure ailments which are not yet possible today due to the absence of technology and high cost. Mr. Merkle said that with nanotechnology, we would be able to cure diseases at molecular and surgical level with tools developed by nanotechnology . This implies that the serious medical condition of the planet’s ailing people which cannot be effectively treated due to the lack of resources will already become possible thus reducing the level of human suffering (Gehl, 2000). Nanotechnology can also lower the manufacturing cost of food which is very prohibitive in many countries today causing many people to go hungry. As of today, there are many people who are starving and this has become a source of conflict. Also, food is also used as a political tool which had the serious consequence of starving the people who are caught in the middle of a conflict. With nanotechnology, food production will become less expensive and those people who are starving due the inability to produce food will now be able to produce it at a much lower cost. When this happens, food will no longer be used as a political tool and people will no longer starve. This will have a positive ripple effect of reducing conflict caused by shortage of food. Ralph C. Merkle also sees that in few decades from now, nanotechnology will enable computers to become incredibly powerful that â€Å"we will have more power in the volume of a sugar cube than exists in the entire

INFORMATION SOURCES IN BUSINESS (STOCKS) Assignment

INFORMATION SOURCES IN BUSINESS (STOCKS) - Assignment Example Common stocks are units of ownership that carry with them voting rights that can be used in making some of the vital decisions in the corporation (Investor.gov, 2015). The shareholders receive their dividends and vote during meetings to make vital changes in the companys operations (Hafer & Hein, 2007). Conversely, preferred stocks are not associated with voting rights; hence, the shareholders are not directly involved in the corporate decision-making structure. The privileges include the priority in the case of liquidation and receiving of dividends before the common shareholders (Mrzygłod & Nowak, 2013). According to (U.S Security and Exchange Commission (SEC), 2015), stocks can be traded through stock funds, full-service brokers, direct stock plans and dividend reinvestment plans. The stock market can be affected by different fiscal policies such as taxes and other regulations by governments. It can be defined as a market where publicly owned companies trade their stocks on various exchanges and are found in free market economies (Parameswaran, 2011). The size of the market can be determined by jurisdictions based on various country borders. Stock indexes can be classified as an underlying stock security used in the future and options derivatives. The derivatives rely on the price of the underlying stocks in the markets. Additionally, stocks have also been to represent financial value; hence, can be regarded to as a form of current (Parameswaran, 2011). For example, a company can own part or full ownership of another during mergers and acquisitions through the exchange of stocks an d equities. They are many listed associations listed under self-regulatory organizations that control fiscal and monetary policies in the stock markets. Examples include the Japan Security Dealers Association (JSDA) that is found in the Japanese securities markets. Launched in 1940, JSDA

Homwork Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Homwork - Assignment Example This process involves gathering the ethically relevant facts about the issue and determining whose account of the facts counts. It involves obtaining all the relevant perspectives regarding the issue at hand. The step requires reviewing the organizations policies and guidelines to get guidance on the particular problem. The step may also identify if the policies and guidelines are consistent with the applicable state laws. Organization ethics issues include, The step involves considering the options and the consequences for the issue. It requires considering who may be affected by the decisions. It involves determining which option will produce the best results and do least harm. The step requires a lot of consultation with professional knowledgeable about the ethical issue in order to make the right decision. This involves identifying the candidate choice and testing its validity. It involves determining the impact of the decision to the staff, clients, stakeholders, the environment and the future generations. It requires identifying either the decision take cultural differences into account. It requires me as the decision maker to be free from external influence and to be calm and in an unstressed state of mind. The step requires my reflection on to whether the decision will seem to be a good idea in the future (Johnson, 2012). This step involves applying the ethical principle to the candidate decision. It requires asking myself questions such as to whether the choice will result in the greatest good, whether it’s fair and of benefit to all concerned. Moreover, if the choice would treat the others the same way I would want to be treated. This is the final step of the decision-making process. It involves making a decision after considerations such as willingness to accept responsibility for the decision. It requires confident communication of the decision and the rationale to the stakeholders. The next thing that follows

Business Ethics And Social Responsibility Management Essay

Business Ethics And Social Responsibility Management Essay Capitalism is often said the most selfish economic system but what usually is forgotten is that the very base of capitalism, the very foundation is based on ethics, morality and laws. Yes the system might seem to be fair but within that system, there is the paramount place for utility and protection of private property. This very fact makes ethics indispensable to the core ideology. It is unfair to take somebody elses property (an often repeated rule of capitalism), one can not force another person to work against ones will (another virtue of capitalism) , all point out to the special role ethics has played in the field of business and commerce. The whole modern day structure of commerce, business and trade is based on the unwritten and often vague principles of Ethics and moral behaviour. The point can well be taken forward by looking at the concept of externalities in business today. The point will be explained further by analyzing case studies of individual companies, today we live in an integrated society where no one person is isolated from the actions of the other. If today steel companies are producing pollution, then they are bringing trouble on themselves since they are polluting the environment they themselves breathe in. The harmful effects of pollution are global. This precisely is the concept of negative externalities. Ethics command us not to pollute the environment, modern day welfare Economics, directs us to the exact same. Now that we have established a firm base for ethics by use of modern day welfare economics, we continue to define what Business ethics are and what does the term corporate social responsibility mean. Business ethics (also known as corporate ethics) is a form of applied ethics or professional ethics that examines ethical principles and moral or ethical problems that arise in a business environment. It applies to all aspects of business conduct and is relevant to the conduct of individuals and business organizations as a whole. Applied ethics is a field of ethics that deals with ethical questions in many fields such as medical, technical, legal and business ethics. Further the practice of using ethics to make tough business decisions is known as ethicism and is increasingly gaining in popularity showing the kind of attention ethics is getting today. Professor Reshma Prasad says that firms can often gain super-normal profits by acting in an unethical fashion but sooner or later such behaviour does have its negative impact as well. Business ethics can be both a normative and a descriptive discipline. As a corporate practice and a career specialization, the field is primarily normative. In academia descriptive approaches are also taken. The range and quantity of business ethical issues reflects the degree to which business is perceived to be at odds with non-economic social values. Historically, interest in business ethics accelerated dramatically during the 1980s and 1990s, both within major corporations and within academia. For example, today most major corporate websites lay emphasis on commitment to promoting non-economic social values under a variety of headings (e.g. ethics codes, social responsibility charters). In some cases, corporations have redefined their core values in the light of business ethical considerations. Types of Managerial Ethics Archie B. Carroll, an eminent researcher, identified three types of management ethics, depending on the extent to which the decisions were ethical or moral: moral management amoral management immoral management Types of Managerial Ethics 1) Moral management Moral management strives to follow ethical principles and doctrines. Moral managers work to succeed without violating any ethical standards. They seek to succeed remaining within the bounds of laws. Such managers undertake such activities which ensure that though they may engage in legal and ethical behavior, they also continue to make a profit. The law should be followed not only in letter but also in spirit. Moral managers always seek to determine whether their actions, behavior or decisions are fair to themselves as well as to all other stakeholders involved. In the long run, this approach is likely to be in the best interests of the organizations. 2) Amoral management This approach is neither immoral nor moral. Amoral management simply ignores ethical considerations. It is broadly categorized into two types intentional and unintentional. Intentional amoral managers do not take ethical issues into consideration while making decisions or while taking any action, because in their perception, general ethical standards should only be applicable to the non-business areas of life. Unintentional amoral managers, however, do not even consider the moral implications of their decisions or actions. Amoral managers pursue profitability as the only goal and pay very little attention to the impact on any of their social stakeholders. They do not like to interfere in their employees activities, unless their behavior can lead to government interference. The guiding principle of amoral management is Within the law of the land, will this action, decision, or behavior help us make money? 3) Immoral management Immoral management not only ignores ethical concerns but it also actively opposes the ethical behavior. Organizations with immoral management are characterized by: Total concern for profits of the organization only. Strong inclination to minimize the expenditure. Laws are regarded as hurdles that should be removed or eliminated. Stress on profits and organization success at any cost. The basic principle governing immoral management is: Can we make money with this Action, decision, or behavior? Thus, ethical considerations are immaterial. Coming now to corporate social responsibility. A formal definition by Ravindran- CORPORATE social responsibility (CSR) is a concept that frequently overlaps with similar approaches such as corporate sustainability, corporate sustainable development, corporate responsibility, and corporate citizenship. While CSR does not have a universal definition, many see it as the private sectors way of integrating the economic, social, and environmental imperatives of their activities. CSR can be seen both in a positive light as well as some are more sceptical about the efforts that modern day firms undertake in the name of CSR. Different organisations have framed in the past different definitions, although there is considerable common ground between them. For instance, it is largely agreed largely that CSR is about how companies manage the business processes to produce an overall positive impact on society. So by balancing profits with an overall understanding and awareness of the short- and long-term consequences of an organisations activities on the environment and community, a company can help to ensure that future generations not only enjoy its products but also the environment. The paper will extensively analyze both the positive and negative effects of CSR initiatives. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY CSR. is a concept that states that organizations, especially corporations, have an obligation to consider the interests of customers, employees, shareholders, communities, and ecological considerations in all aspects of their operations. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a form of corporate self-regulation integrated into the business model and day-to-day operations of the company. CSR policy gives a self-regulating framework whereby a business monitors and ensures its adherence to law, ethical standards, environmental norms and morality. CSR is a concept that frequently overlaps with similar approaches such as corporate sustainability, corporate responsibility, corporate sustainable development and corporate citizenship.In addition to integration into corporate structures and processes, CSR also frequently involves creating innovative and proactive solutions to societal and environmental challenges, as well as collaborating with both external and internal stakeholders to impr ove CSR performance. From a business perspective, CSR involves focusing on new opportunities as a way to respond to interrelated societal, social and environmental demands in the market.  CSR is  generally  seen as the business contribution to sustainable development which has been defined as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs, and is generally understood focusing on how to achieve the integration of environmental, economic and social imperatives. CSR commitments and activities typically address aspects of a firms behavior (including its policies and practices) with respect to such key elements as; environmental protection, health and safety, human rights, community development, corporate governance and consumer protection business ethics, supplier relations, labor protection, and stakeholder rights Relevance of Corporate Social Responsibility In the present corporate arena every company aims at long-term, sustained growth for its business. How does the growth trajectory of a business becomes long-term and sustained ? This happens when in future the supply of customers is assured. It is imperative that the company invests now to assure this future supply of customers. Thus, it is important that the company invests in the society because from the society forms the base from which its future customers will come. For long-term success, investment in the society is the most profitable investment a company can make. Moreover, there is a marked change in the way consumers buy their products and services. They engage in a cultural and ethical audit of the producers. They are eager to know how the company treats its employees, whether the company is sensitive to societal needs, issues etc. A company having a good history of positive contribution to the society gains an edge over other companies, thus enhancing the buy-ability of their product or service. In other words a producer having a good reputation in terms of adherence to ethics and morals has higher probability of scoring over other producers. In crowded markets, companies strive for the mindshare of the consumers by offering them a unique selling proposition that separates them from the competition in the minds of consumers, through social endeavours. Corporate Social Responsibility plays a vital role in building customer loyalty based on distinctive ethical values. CSR initiatives also enhance the reputation of the company as an employer. A CSR programme can be an aid to recruitment and retention, particularly within a competitive market where companies vie for the best of minds and talents. Potential recruits often eager to know the firms CSR policy and history as an employer during an interview. Having an active and comprehensive policy can give an advantage to the employer and positively differentiates the company in the eyes of the potential recruits. CSR can also help improve the image of a company among its present employees.CSR initiatives targeted towards the current employees sends positive signals to them, contributing to the environment of mutual respect and understanding between the management and the employees. Consumers and society in general expect more from the companies whose products they buy. This sense has increased in the light of recent corporate scandals, which reduced public trust of corporations, and reduced public confidence in the ability of regulatory bodies and organizations to control corporate excess. Hence, the impact of business clearly extends beyond the company and the market to society as whole. Apart from profitability, it is important that the company considers the ethical, moral, environmental, legal and social context of its activities. Businesses need to take responsibility for the impact of their activities on the environment, local population, consumers, employees, communities, stakeholders and all other members of the public sphere. The implication for the corporate sector is to strike a balance between profitability and social consciousness and sensitivity. The inclusion of public interest into corporate decision-making and business model is very important in the present corporate landscape. Positive Aspects of CSR CSR is an important business strategy because, everyone wants to associate with a partner they can trust. Customers want to buy products from companies they trust; suppliers want to form alliances with corporations they can rely on; employees want to work for companies they respect; and governments, increasingly, want to work with companies seeking feasible solutions and innovations in areas of common concern. Satisfying each of these stakeholder groups allows companies to maximize their commitment to another important stakeholder group-their investors, who benefit most when the needs of these other stakeholder groups are being met. Having a positive social image has its costs as companies have to invest in various endeavours but it pays in the long run. The businesses most likely to succeed in the globalizing world will be those best able to combine the often conflicting interests of its multiple stakeholders, and incorporate a wider spectrum of opinions and values within the decision-making process and objectives of the organization. We take two cases where years of CSR investments and adherence to societal norms helped corporations tide over crisis situations. Johnson Johnson British Petroleum Johnson Johnsons Tylenol Case Johnson Johnsons transparent handling of the crisis facing its Tylenol brand in 1982 is widely heralded as the model case in the area of crisis management. The company could make it possible through years of adherence to ethics and societal norms which were reflected in its CSR policies . The worldwide success of Johnson Johnson is widely attributed to its business philosophy. Robert Wood Johnson II first articulated this business philosophy in 1943 called The Johnson Johnsons Credo. In 1982 and 1986 Johnson Johnsons Tylenol acetaminophen was adulterated with cyanide and used as a murder weapon. During the crisis Johnson Johnsons managers and employees made countless decisions that were inspired by the philosophy embedded in the credo. Tylenol was immediately cleared from store shelves and the company was proactive and open in addressing each crisis. JJ went far and above what had previously been expected of corporations in such situations, instigating a $100 million re-call of 31 million bottles of the drug following a suspected poisoning/product tampering incident. In acting in the way it did, JJ saved the Tylenol brand, enabling it to remain a strong revenue earner for the company to this day. British Petroleum This example illustrates how investment in CSR initiatives can help a company gain the trust of the society . BP, with a $200 million re-branding exercise, has effectively re-positioned itself as the most environmentally sound and socially responsible of the extraction companies. The company stands in stark contrast today with Exxon Mobil that faces on-going NGO attacks, consumer boycotts, and activist-led litigation because of its decision to fight the environmental movement, and its failure to recognize the wider importance of CSR as a corporate strategy. Questionable CSR A counter view to the conventional one is that companies undertake CSR initiatives to distract the public from ethical questions that are posed by the fundamental operations of that company. Companys sole motive is to make profits and hence they start CSR programmes for brand building and in turn help achieve their corporate objective. Also by funding certain specific projects they also build reputation with government officials who in turn are obliged to favor them. Many firms claim to be committed towards sustainable development whereas their core business is a threat in itself. An example could be the hypocrisy of Ford. Although CSR issues aim at raising awareness of social and environmental issues no company changes its business model. Ford has a stance on reduction of greenhouse gases whereas their profits come from trucks and SUVs. Many companies have failed due to pursuit of unethical practices. An example of the same is satyam and Enron. Such companies CSR statements are only phony promises and their vested interests are the main reason for entering this corporate social sphere. To make companies behave in an ethical and socially responsible manner laws would have to be enforced. Corporate hypocrisy and sincerity needs to be addressed by making regulations and policies binding. We have taken two successful companies and analyzed their CSR initiatives and practices followed: British American Tobacco Dealing with the hypocrisy of the stance that organizations take Wal-Mart The unethical practices that are followed and how regulation can play an instrumental role in checking these undesirable activities British American Tobacco A major fiasco resulted as a revelation of the fact that the worlds second largest tobacco company masks the damage it causes to health, development and the environment in the garb of corporate social responsibility. Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) was tried to be blocked by the top BAT executives .They tried to win political influence in Africa by using their support for AIDS prevention as a tool. They used tobacco industry research information to negate the findings of WHO regarding the harmful effects of secondhand smoke. BATs donation of HK$300,000 in 1992 to repair the Haizhou Bridge in Guangzhou province of China obliged the officialdom and helped establish. In 2005 BAT profits were greater than  £2.7 billion a year from a 15 per cent share of the world tobacco market. The total number of deaths due to tobacco related diseases was about 5 million. This implies BATs 300 brands of cigarettes that were sold in 180 countries caused three-quarters of a million premature deaths. ASH Director Deborah Arnott said: Tobacco firms like BAT hide behind glossy reports and boast of Corporate Social Responsibility. But this report shows the cynicism and deceit behind the public face. It should be read by decision-makers, campaigners and health professionals in every country where BAT seeks sales. Companies like BAT offer the ultimate devils bargain. When they enter developing countries in search of new markets, they come with a smile a handshake and an open cheque book. But they leave behind nothing but a trail of addiction, misery and death. The various CSR initiatives taken were: A clinic for the diagnosis of disease Accommodation for the homeless Arts and educational projects Such programmes win allies in local markets and also open doors of politicians and regulators. Impact on developing world: The regulations in poorer countries are weak and by helping to a little extent the companies oblige politicians and in turn they win favors and can easily establish themselves. Hence stringent regulations are required to prevent this exploitation. Wal-Mart Wal-Mart is one of the largest private employers in the US. The sheer size and magnanimity of the company allows it to follow certain unethical processes as the laws against them are also not very stringent. Some of the controversies surrounding Wal-Mart are: Many employees having children working here live below the poverty line. Wal-Mart portrays itself as a company selling U.S. manufactured goods but in reality it utilizes products made in foreign countries and at questionable workshops. As a result of the cost advantage it gets it throws some of the competition out. Unethical business practices that this company follows include: Labor Union Opposition: Wal-Mart claims to follow open door policy but its effectiveness in Wal-Mart is questionable. It is a non union organization and hence this structure helps the company have a no complaint system. Third party intervention is not desired. Employees are provided lower wages than unionized corporations and as a result end up quitting by the end of the first year. The employees are prohibited to talk to union representatives. This is unethical as according to the National Labor Relations Act, employers cannot discourage employees from forming a union for they have that right. Cases were filed against Wal-Mart United Food and Commercial Workers Union filed a complaint with the National Labor Relations Board against Wal-Mart. National Labor Relations Board alleged that Wal-Mart violated federal labor law as it bribed employees to report on co-workers who favored a union. (www.washingtonpost) Unfair Treatment of Employees: June 2001 Six Wal-Mart female employees filed a sex discrimination lawsuit. Women were not being trained or given promotions. Also they were underpaid as compared to their male counterparts. Discrimination on basis of gender was prevalent. Hence women were being treated in an undignified and disrespectful way. (www.arkansasnews.com) . Later in lieu of the given events Wal-Mart introduced workplace diversity initiatives to promote equality. Wages were very low compared to prevalent rates .They wanted to continue offering low prices to customers hence did not want to increase operating costs. Due to this the wages were kept low. Wal-Marts health insurance was very expensive and some of the employees could not even afford to pay for it. Case was filed against Wal-Mart as it did not pay employees more for overtime. Wal-Mart used illegal immigrants as workers to reduce costs. In October 2003 hundreds of illegal immigrants employed were uncovered. Companies have to spot ethical and unethical practices otherwise they would loose their reputation in the market. CONCLUSION Corporations today are best positioned when they reflect the values of the constantly shifting and sensitive market environment in which they operate. It is vital that they are capable of meeting the needs of an increasingly demanding and socially-aware consumer market, especially as brands move front and center of a firms total value. Global firms with global lifestyle brands have the most to lose if the public perception of the brand fails to live up to the image portrayed. Integrating a complete social perspective into all aspects of operations will maximize true value and benefit for an organization, while protecting the huge investments companies make in corporate brands. Along with the social responsibility, comes the opportunity to convert these social initiatives into tangible results namely profits. An organization should look what amount of value the project can give back to the organization. A social cost benefit analysis can give the organization a fair idea about what kind of rewards the initiative can generate for the organization. Thus an organization can decide on the initiatives taking into consideration these various factors.

Aphra Behns Oroonoko †Slaughter of the Human Spirit Essay -- Behn Or

Oroonoko – Slaughter of the Human Spirit   Aphra Behn introduces her characters in Oroonoko as beautiful people who possess a pure, innocent love.   Behn does this in an effort to make her readers feel and question.   Her poetic description of their emotions magnify the horror of the final scene.   Behn's romantic love story is brought to a tragic end through brutality and death.   Why did she choose such an ending?   Her decision to have Oroonoko take the life of his wife and unborn child leaves her audience questioning.   Was what they had love?   If not, what was it?   What had killed their innocence?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The story of Oroonoko and Imoinda began with him approaching her and ended with the cut of his knife.   Oroonoko both began and ended the story that was "theirs."   Therefore, when analyzing their relationship it is most important to examine Oroonoko's behavior.   Oroonoko is the one who determined what path their story would take.   What drove him to end "their" story in such a brutal way?   What caused him to act so uncontrollable?   The truth is that his heart couldn't stand to lose her again.   He couldn't risk not finding her.   He was scared because he realized that he could not protect her.   Even the strong, powerful Oroonoko was not able to rescue her and her unborn child from slavery.   His hope and innocence were killed by fear.   He finally met a force that could beat him.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Throughout the story, Oroonoko exhibits his power and control.   In order to once again prove his courage, Oroonoko goes hunting to kill a tiger that had been too fierce and powerful for others to conquer.   When Oroonoko comes upon the tiger, she is devouring her new kill.   Upon Oroonoko's approach, the tiger stares at him with a "very fierce rag... ...heaven.   This is a beautiful image.   Does it really matter how they chose to exit this world?   The truth is that it does.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Aphra Behn's tale of Oroonoko is not only a tragic love story.   It is also a story about slavery and how it can kill a person.   The relationship between Oroonoko and Imoinda is described as pure and innocent.   Their story compliments the point that Behn was trying to make about slavery.   Slavery can kill hope, purity, and innocence.   Slavery does not only kill the human spirit.   It slaughters it. The student may wish to begin the paper with the following quote: "And these two People represented to me an absolute Idea of the first State of Innocence, before Man knew how to sin." (pg.10) Works Cited: Behn, Aphra. â€Å"Oroonoko.† The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Ed. AH Abrams. New York. WW Norton and Company, Inc 2000.

Analysis of “the Use of Force” by William Carlos Williams

Justin Thomas Mrs. J Clark English 1 honors 2nd block 10 April 2013 Analysis of â€Å"The Use of Force† by William Carlos Williams In the book there is a doctor who wants to do well for others. He understands what the family is going through because in the story it says, â€Å"But I’ve seen two children lying dead the week of diphtheria because of neglect, I was not about to let that happen so it was diagnosed now or never. † There is also a girl who is sick. She has a sore throat and she won’t talk or open her mouth to anyone.The girl is very stubborn but she is terrified of the doctor as it says, â€Å"don’t call me a nice man. I’m here to look at her throat on the chance that she might have diphtheria and possibly die of it, but that’s nothing, she terrified of me. † Another character would be the father. He acts as if any father should only wanting the best for his daughter in the passage, â€Å"she’s had a fever for a few days and we don’t know where it comes from. † The mother is very frantic in this situation when she says, â€Å"If you don’t do what the doctor says you will have to go to the hospital. The conflict in the story is that this girl has been sick for a few days. Her parents call in a doctor to their house to check her out. You can tell in the story what atmosphere when the father says,† my wife has given her the things you know they do but don’t do no good. † You can tell that this is taken place in an either uneducated place or where that lingo is part of the culture. The girl in the story is so frightened and struck with fear that the excessive use of force just escalates the situation more.The doctor only wants to help the little girl. He clearly states that by saying,† But I’ve seen two children lying dead the week of diphtheria because of neglect, I was not about to let that happen so it was diagnosed now or never. † The girl is just scared to death by all of the commotion and sure that is why she is so resentful to comply. The mother and father both have the same intentions for their daughter but I believe that the mother is more sympathetic and the father just wants to get things over with.The methods of persuasion and how they got the girl to comply are simply trying to coax with words but unfortunately led to physical aggression. In the story the mom gently says, â€Å"come on, please do what his tells you, he won’t hurt you. † Then later on into the story it leads to the father having to hold down the daughter while the doctor tried to pry open the girls mouth a spoon. The conflict that soon arises out of story is the daughter is that she is unwilling to comply with the doctor.She won’t open her mouth for anything and no matter the coaxing the doctor or her parents and she just won’t listen. Eventually it leads to the girl getting hurt in the story it says,â₠¬  the child’s mouth was already was already bleeding. Her tongue was cut and she was screaming hysterically. † In the end the doctor had to overpower the child and pry her mouth open with a metal spoon. It was rough but it might have been rough but it saved the girls life.

4 Career Fears You Need to Face

4 Career Fears You Need to Face Fear. It’s not just the feeling that strikes when you’re home alone watching scary movies and suddenly there’s a  noise outside your window. It can happen in a much more mundane, brightly-lit place: your desk at work. In fact, the office can be a place where all of your self-doubts and worries compound into a big, career-blocking blob. But you’re not alone- millions of people have responded to polls and surveys about their concerns.What are some of the most common work-related fears?1. Losing the jobWhether you’re a rockstar at work or feel like you’ve been making too many mistakes, fear of losing your job has little to do with actual performance and more to do with your own personal need for stability.2. Performance anxietyMaybe your boss wasn’t as enthusiastic as she could have been after your last presentation. Maybe a new performance review process has you feeling uncertain about whether your year was really as productive as you wanted it to be. Any uncertainty or lack of positive feedback can feed this apprehension.3. Not fitting inWhether it’s middle school or the office break room, no one wants to be the uncool kid. We spend most of our waking hours with our coworkers, and universal social anxieties may show up. It can be tempting to try to play a certain character type in meetings or defer to others’ thoughts and ideas instead of your own.4. Being left behindWith social media giving a new platform to everyday triumphs (â€Å"Guess who’s rocking it today?†), it can turn the workday into a competitive exercise. This plays into anxieties about stagnating in your job while the real stars move on to higher titles and bigger paydays.What can we do to move past these?The best way to conquer these fears (or at least tame them into submission before) is to acknowledge that they’re happening, name them, and be clear with yourself about the steps you’re taking to overcome them. That could mean communicating more openly with your colleagues or even just taking small steps forward on a project you’ve been avoiding because it seemed daunting.Embrace the fears that are holding you back, and then step neatly around them on your career path.Read More at Fast Company

Free Essays on Presentation On The Changing Political Causes Of The French Revolution.

Presentation On The Changing Political Causes Of The French Revolution. Class struggles in Britain in the 1960’s and 70’s led to greater divisions amongst the people. Because of the ideological desire for something to benefit the people amid increasing social chaos, socialism looked attractive and many Marxist ideas gained popularity and support. This struggle was echoed throughout much of the world. The French Revolution was perceived as a great success for democracy. Its three key aims of liberty, equality and fraternity became desirable objectives. In the late 1960’s, the concept of moral decline in society was introduced by the right to explain crumbling traditional values. For example by 1968, students in France were rioting. This period of minor revolt was echoed throughout the world. All sides recognised that changes urgently needed to be made. The law and order element of politics made its first appearance, aimed at targets of a non political kind, including, student movements, counter cultures, the drift towards moral permissiveness, and the conflict between authority and social values. Many, Marxists amongst the great masses became detached from their nations traditional ideologies. Their growing power caused a cry to come from below for the restoration of the old order, for discipline and moral regulation. Social formation reached the worst crisis point for two decades – some would argue, nearly a century. The conservatives in the 70’s tried to renovate the social formation of a society fraught with class battles. Heath attempted to achieve this by employing the twin instruments of the economic free for all and legal compulsion. It ended in ruins, brought to a conclusion of widening and defensive class militancy. The long-term crisis of the British economy coincided with a world recession; the oil crisis put paid to any ideas of regeneration in economic conditions. Militant action and increased wage... Free Essays on Presentation On The Changing Political Causes Of The French Revolution. Free Essays on Presentation On The Changing Political Causes Of The French Revolution. Presentation On The Changing Political Causes Of The French Revolution. Class struggles in Britain in the 1960’s and 70’s led to greater divisions amongst the people. Because of the ideological desire for something to benefit the people amid increasing social chaos, socialism looked attractive and many Marxist ideas gained popularity and support. This struggle was echoed throughout much of the world. The French Revolution was perceived as a great success for democracy. Its three key aims of liberty, equality and fraternity became desirable objectives. In the late 1960’s, the concept of moral decline in society was introduced by the right to explain crumbling traditional values. For example by 1968, students in France were rioting. This period of minor revolt was echoed throughout the world. All sides recognised that changes urgently needed to be made. The law and order element of politics made its first appearance, aimed at targets of a non political kind, including, student movements, counter cultures, the drift towards moral permissiveness, and the conflict between authority and social values. Many, Marxists amongst the great masses became detached from their nations traditional ideologies. Their growing power caused a cry to come from below for the restoration of the old order, for discipline and moral regulation. Social formation reached the worst crisis point for two decades – some would argue, nearly a century. The conservatives in the 70’s tried to renovate the social formation of a society fraught with class battles. Heath attempted to achieve this by employing the twin instruments of the economic free for all and legal compulsion. It ended in ruins, brought to a conclusion of widening and defensive class militancy. The long-term crisis of the British economy coincided with a world recession; the oil crisis put paid to any ideas of regeneration in economic conditions. Militant action and increased wage...

Justification Report on Marketing Research Paper

Justification Report on Marketing - Research Paper Example Norton is antivirus software, which can prove to be significantly useful for the company to efficiently run its business activities in future. It is so because Simmons Company is engaged in the business of providing professional tax services for its clients who are either individuals or any business firms. Hence, it needs to make use of computers and internet frequently. This fact suggests that Norton can be very helpful for the company to increase its internet security through prevention from various virus and malware attacks. The potential resource that is required to support this recommendation is the use of computer and internet by the company in its business processes. It is also required to have information regarding the need of antivirus for the computers used by the company based on various customers’ feedback which can be easily obtained online and by undergoing a survey. The website of the company can also prove to be a valuable source of getting information regardin g the details of the services offered by the company. Hence this report can prove to be useful for the company to help run its business effectively and efficiently in future. Moreover, it can also help the company identify the needs of implementation of such antivirus software and know how it can be helpful for the Simmons Company. Justification Report Introduction Revise: The introduction should introduce the product (Norton Antivirius software) to the potential client the Simmons Company is selling the product to. Simmons Company is a professional CPA firm located at Salt Lake City, Utah, United States (Simmons & Company, 2012a). Marc L. Simmons is credited to be the owner of the company who is responsible for running the business activities in the organization (Simmons & Company, 2012b). It is engaged in the business of offering professional services related to the field of taxation requirements for its clients. The clients of Simmons Company include either individuals or the bus iness firms (Simmons & Company, 2012c). This report deals with the recommendation of implementing Norton branded computer security product which are produced by Symantec Corporation. Norton Antivirius is a software that is reputed for been effective in protecting computer and network systems against several threats. The software is designed to remove antiviruses, block malicious software, prevent hacking and phishing, clean infected files, and secure online transactions. The recommendation of Norton Antivirus is based on the issues or problems faced by the company related to its computer internet security. The problems identified, the methodologies used to collect information pertaining to the issue, the findings from such information collected, analysis of the findings and finally a conclusion and recommendations based on the findings and analysis will be discussed in this report. Problem Statement Simmons Company offers a variety of services to customers mainly online. However, ev ery now and then, the company’s systems are affected by viruses and malicious software so that customers receive products that are virus infected further risking their systems. In some cases, the company fails to deliver in time as a result of the threats posed by the viruses and malicious software. In some cases, customers complain that their accounts have been hacked following online transaction

US Airline Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

US Airline Industry - Essay Example Southwest first expanded to the East Coast in 1993, with service to Baltimore-Washington International Airport. In 1994, the company acquired Morris Air, a Salt Lake City, Utah based airline. That same year, Southwest launched several programs to cut costs. A ticket less system reduced travel agents commissions, and Southwest began to use an in-house reservation system. By 1997, Southwest Airlines served cities in all parts of the continental United States. This same year, Southwest formed an alliance with Icelandair. This agreement enabled Southwest passengers to connect from several United States cities to Europe through Icelandairs Baltimore hub. The company completed its first non-stop transcontinental flight in 1998, thus establishing Southwest as a formidable domestic competitor. In this paper potential areas of improvement, and how Southwest Airlines can gain its own advantage in the industry will be discussed. Southwest ranked number one in on-time performance for several years according to [The Department of Transportations Air Travel Consumer Report]" (Goh, 2007, 103). This punctuality can be attributed the companys ticket less system and no-frills approach to air travel. The ticket less system reduces costs for both consumers and Southwest. Travel agents and ticket brokers are eliminated from the ticketing process. This also minimizes the lengthy check-in processes by eliminating physical transactions between customer service representatives and the consumer. All that is required is a reservation number and a form of identification to receive a reusable boarding pass, which enables the customer to board quickly. Southwests no-frill approach reduces preparation time by eliminating the time required for three optional services. The first service to be bypassed is the meal distribution by flight attendants. Southwest does not serve meals on any flight regardless of duration. This severely reduces the time required of planes while sitting